毛泽东对“人民代表会议”制度特质的确立——纪念全国人民代表大会成立70周年

Mao Ze-dong's Establishing the Characteristics of the“Assembly of People's Deputies”System:Commemorating the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of the National People's Congress

作为中华人民共和国的根本政治制度,人民代表大会制度脱胎于中国共产党在民主革命时期创建的“人民代表会议”这一权力机关。毛泽东对“人民代表会议”制度进行了历史性探索,相继参与创建工农兵苏维埃代表大会、参议会、各界人民代表会议和人民代表大会等制度形式,实现了在党的全面领导下使“一切权力属于人民”、人民的广泛性与代表的阶级性相统一、既落实“民主”又维护“集中”、旨在维护人民主体地位的“议行合一”。以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人既推进了马克思主义民主理论与中国具体实际的有机结合,又开辟了具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的权力机关建设道路,从而为新中国民主建设奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。

As the fundamental political system of the People's Republic of China,the system of people's congresses grew from the“Assembly of People's Deputies”,a power organ created by the CPC during the democratic revolution.Mao Ze-dong conducted a historic exploration of the“Assembly of People's Deputies”system and successively participated in establishing the Soviet Congress of Workers,Farmers and Soldiers,the Political Consultative Conference,the Congress of People's Representatives of Various Sectors,and the People's Congress.Under the overall leadership of the CPC,these institutions made it possible to realize“all power belongs to the people”,to unify the universality of the people and the class nature of representatives,to implement both“democracy”and“centralization”,and to safeguard the dominant position of the people through integrating legislative and executive powers.The Chinese Communists,with Comrade Mao Ze-dong as their major representative,not only advanced the organic integration between Marxist democratic theory and China's concrete reality,but also opened up the road of building power organs with Chinese characteristics,style and grandeur,thus laying the fundamental political prerequisite and institutional foundation for democracy building in New China.