天然产物合成过程中的甲基化酶修饰的研究进展

Research Progress on Methylase Modification in the Synthesis of Natural Products

甲基转移酶(MTs)是普遍存在于生物有机体的一种酶类,通常以S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM)作为甲基供体催化底物的甲基化反应。在微生物中异源表达MTs以实现一些重要天然产物的生物合成已经取得了巨大的进步。MTs可在微生物中合成苯丙烷类化合物、香料类化合物、激素和抗生素等重要的天然产物。MTs也已经广泛应用于医药、化工和能源等诸多领域,展现出了巨大的应用价值和广阔的应用前景。本文将对天然产物甲基转移酶的分类、功能以及应用方面做出总结,以期为有效人工生物合成高活性RXPs肽提供理论指导。

Methyltransferases(MTs)are a class of enzymes that are ubiquitous in biological organisms,usually using S-adenosylmethionine as a methyl donor to catalyze the methylation reaction of the substrate.The heterologous expression of MTs in microorganisms has made great progress in realizing the biosynthesis of some important natural products.MTs can be used in microorganisms to synthesize important natural products such as phenylpropanoids,fragrance compounds,hormones and antibiotics.MTs have also been widely used in many fields such as medicine,chemical industry and energy,showing great application value and broad application prospects.In this review,we summarize the classification,function and application of natural product methyltransferases,in order to provide theoretical guidance for the efficient artificial biosynthesis of highly active nonribosomal peptide synthetase(RXPs)peptides.