葡萄糖激酶激活剂治疗1型糖尿病的研究进展

Advances in the study of glucokinase activators for type 1 diabetes mellitus

1型糖尿病(type 1 diabetes mellitus,T1DM)是一种自身免疫介导的以胰岛素分泌减少和胰岛素绝对缺乏为特征的疾病,胰岛素治疗是其主要的治疗方式。但胰岛素治疗存在着增加体重和低血糖风险的缺点。近些年也有很多口服降糖药物用于T1DM患者辅助治疗的研究。其中,葡萄糖激酶激活剂(glucokinase activator,GKA)是一类新型的抗糖尿病药物。如多格列艾汀已获得中国国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)的上市批准作为新的降糖药使用,GKA因独特的降糖机制也被认为可以用于T1DM患者的口服药物辅助治疗。通过对T1DM、葡萄糖激酶的作用机制及GKA对T1DM的研究进展进行综述,为提高T1DM患者生活质量带来新思路与新展望。

Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)is an autoimmune mediated disease characterized by reduced insulin secretion or absolute lack of insulin,for which insulin therapy is the primary treatment.However,insulin treatment has the disadvantage of increasing the risk of weight and hypoglycemia.In recent years,there have been many studies on the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs in the adjuvant treatment of T1DM patients.Glucokinase activator(GKA)is a new type of antidiabetic drug.For example,Doglietine has been approved by the National Medical Products Administration of China(NMPA)as a new hypoglycemic drug.Due to the unique hypoglycemic mechanism of GKA,it is also believed that it can be used in the oral medication-assisted treatment of patients with T1DM.The research progress of T1DM,the mechanism of GK and the effect of GKA on T1DM are reviewed.At the same time,it also brings new ideas and new prospects for the quality of life of T1DM patients.