山东省渔业技术推广体系的发展历程、创新探索及对策建议

Development history,innovative exploration,and countermeasure suggestions of fishery technology extension system in Shandong Province

渔业技术推广体系是现代渔业的重要组成部分,为渔业高质量发展提供着强有力的支撑和保障,对渔业结构调整、渔民增收和渔业渔村现代化建设做出了重要贡献。回顾了2000年以来,山东省渔业技术推广体系经历的分类管理、稳定建设、快速发展和整合提升4个主要发展阶段;从推广机构数量、推广工作经费、推广人员数量和推广能力建设4个方面总结了山东省渔业技术推广体系的发展现状;指出了支持重视程度不高、推广体系经费结构不优、技术支撑能力不强、体系运行动能不足等影响推广体系高质量发展的主要问题;介绍了全省各地推广机构因地制宜,创新探索出的联动推广、团队引领、社会化综合服务、竞赛推动等多种推广新模式、新机制;最后,提出了全面提升推广体系的服务价值、切实提高技术人员专业素质、分重点多层次开展推广工作、积极联合并激发社会力量参与推广的发展建议,以达到渔业技术推广体系高质量发展的目的。

Fishery technology extension system,as an important component of modern fisheries,provides strong support and guarantee for the high-quality development of fisheries.It has made significant contributions to fishery structure adjustment,income increasing of fishermen,and the modernization of fishery villages.Four main development stages of fishery technology extension system from 2000 till now in Shandong Province were reviewed:categorized management,stable construction,rapid development,and integrated improvement.The development status of fisheries technology extension system in Shandong Province was summarized from four aspects:extension agencies quantity,extension funding,technician quantity,and capacity building.Key issues affecting the high-quality development were highlighted,including insufficient support,suboptimal funding structure,weak technical support,and insufficient operational momentum.Various innovative new models and mechanisms of extension were introduced and explored by local extension agencies in response to local conditions,such as collaborative extension,team leadership,comprehensive socialized services,and competition-driven initiatives.Finally,to achieve the high-quality development of fisheries technology extension system,development recommendations to comprehensively enhance the service value of the extension system were proposed,such as effectively improving the professional quality of technicians,conducting extension work with a focus on multiple levels,and actively uniting and stimulating social forces to participate in extension.