“以优质促公平”:德国资优教育的传统与新进展

Promoting Equity through Excellence:Traditions and New Developments of Gifted and Talented Education in Germany

培养拔尖创新人才是提升国家竞争力的重要内容。资优教育作为拔尖人才早期培养的一种重要模式应当得到充分的重视。德国作为创新性人才的高地,历来重视资优生的培养。本文主要探讨了自20世纪70年代以来德国资优教育的发展与推进。德国资优教育先后经历了五个阶段,积淀了丰富的实践与研究传统。当前,德国资优教育以“公平”为目标,形成了立法、财政和科研共同支持,联邦和各州合作,政府和社会力量联合参与的资优教育制度保障体系。

The cultivation of top-notch innovative talents is an important aspect of enhancing national competitiveness.Gifted and talented education,as an important mode of early training of top-notch talents,should receive full attention.Germany,as a stronghold of innovative talents,has always emphasized the cultivation of gifted and talented students.This study mainly explores the development and promotion of gifted and talented education in Germany since the 1970s.Gifted and talented education in Germany has gone through five stages,accumulating a rich tradition in practice and research.Currently,gifted and talented education in Germany aims for“equity”and has established a comprehensive system of legislative,financial,and research support,with collaboration between the federal government and states,and the joint participation of government and social forces.