行政体制改革、营商环境优化与数字创新驱动——来自“放管服”的新证据

dministrative System Reform,Business Environment Optimization and Digital Innovation Drive——New Evidences from"Delegating-Regulation-Service"

作为破解中国“卡脖子”困境的关键力量,数字创新驱动既需要市场资源的有效配置,更离不开政府部门的积极推进与改革创新。基于“放管服”改革的准自然实验,本文利用中国283个地级市2005—2021年的面板数据,首次探究行政体制改革对城市数字技术创新的影响效应及机制。结果发现:第一,“放管服”改革有效推动了城市数字技术创新发展,且存在创新结构优化与地理空间溢出的双边积极效应。第二,“放管服”改革切实优化了城市科技创新、民营创业、法治政务等层面的营商环境,为数字创新驱动发展间接赋能。第三,“放管服”改革在中央赋权、数据开放、知识产权和金融改革的多维调节下具有更积极的数字创新促进效能。第四,在财政状况良好、财政透明度较高、市场潜力较大、市场分割明显、民间商帮文化与儒家文化偏弱的地区,“放管服”改革效果更为突出。本研究不仅有力支持了“有为政府”和“有效市场”建设,并且对营商环境优化与数字技术创新发展的学术研究做出了重要拓展。

As a key strength in cracking China's bottleneck dilemma,digital innovation driven not only requires the effective allocation of market resources,but also cannot be separated from the active promotion and reforms of government departments.Based on the quasi-natural experiment of"Delegating-regulation-service"reform,this paper uses the panel data of 283 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2021 to explore the impact and mechanism of administrative system reform on urban digital technology innovation for the first time.The results show that:Firstly,the"Delegating-regulation-service"reform has effectively promoted the development of urban digital technology innovation,and there are bilateral positive effects on innovation structure and geospatial spillover.Secondly,the"Delegating-regulation-service"reform has effectively optimized the urban business environment in the scientific and technological innovation,private entrepreneurship,the rule of law and governance,which indirectly promotes the development of digital innovation drive.Thirdly,the"Delegating-regulation-service"reform has a more positive effect on digital innovation promotion under the multi-dimensional adjustment of central empowerment,data opening,intellectual property rights and financial reform.Fourthly,in areas with good financial conditions,high fiscal transparency,great market potential,obvious market segmentation,weak folk business culture and Confucian culture,the reform effect of"Delegating-regulation-service"is more prominent.This study not only strongly supports the construction of promising government and efficient market,but also makes an important expansion of academic research on the optimization of business environment and the development of digital technology innovation.