基于模糊PID算法的电动汽车再生制动控制仿真

Simulation of Electric Vehicle Regenerative Braking Control Based on Fuzzy PID Algorithm

电动汽车再生制动控制性能过差会降低电动汽车制动能量回收率,缩短电动汽车的续驶里程,为了推进低污染、低噪声、零排放的电动汽车技术发展,提出基于模糊PID算法的电动汽车再生制动控制方法。在保证电动汽车制动过程稳定、安全的前提下,通过分析电动汽车再生制动原理与影响电动汽车制动过程的干扰因素,制定实际工况条件下制动力分配策略。通过将模糊PID算法与制动力分配策略结合,设计由车速、制动强度和蓄电池SOC为输入变量的控制器,实现电动汽车再生制动控制。仿真结果表明,UDDS工况下所提方法的蓄电池SOC值高于40%,再生制动比例关系与NYCC工况下理想的再生制动比例关系较为吻合,说明该方法的控制性能较好。

The poor performance of regenerative braking control in electric vehicles can reduce the braking energy recovery rate and shorten the driving range.In order to promote the development of low-pollution,low-noise,and zero-emission electric vehicle technology,this article presented a regenerative braking control method based on the fuzzy PID algorithm.On the premise of ensuring the stability and safety of the braking process,the braking force distribution strategy under actual working conditions was formulated by analyzing the principle of electric vehicle regenerative braking and the factors affecting the braking process.Moreover,the fuzzy PID algorithm was combined with the braking force distribution strategy.Finally,a controller with input variables of vehicle speed,brake intensity,and battery SOC was designed to achieve regenerative braking control of electric vehicles.Simulation results show that the battery SOC value of the proposed method under the UDDS condition is higher than 40%,and the regenerative braking proportion is more consistent with the ideal proportion relationship under the NYCC working condition,indicating that the control performance of the method is better.