甩挂运输中牵引车与挂车数量配置优化仿真

Simulation of Vehicle Quantity Optimization of Tractor and Trailer in Drop and Pull Transport

牵引车与挂车数量合理配置是道路甩挂运输中的重要内容,对提高牵引车使用效率、降低车辆的购置费用具有重要意义。以牵引车购置费用、牵引车运行费用以及牵引车等待时间费用最小为目标,考虑甩挂运输任务时间窗约束和牵引车运行径路约束,构建了上述问题的数学规划模型。针对牵引车与挂车数量配比问题的组合爆炸特点,设计了结合模拟退火邻域搜索策略的并行蚁群搜索算法。最后以郑州市某个物流企业进行实例分析,结果表明所提方法能够在较短时间内获得满意解,有效地减少了整个甩挂运输系统的综合成本。

Reasonable quantity of tractor and trailer is important part in drop and pull transport,which is of great significance for increasing the using efficiency and acquisition costs of tractor.This paper took the sum of acquisition costs and operating costs together with waiting time costs as the object,and also considered the time window constraint of task and the operating path of tractor.A mathematical program model for this problem was constructed.According to the combinatorial explosion characteristics of vehicle quantity optimization problem,a parallel ant colony search algorithm combined with simulated annealing neighborhood searching strategy was designed to solve the problem.Finally,a case study based on logistics enterprise in Zhengzhou was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the model.The results show that our method can effectively reduce the comprehensive cost of drop and pull transport system,and can obtain a global satisfactory solution quickly.