教育强国建设背景下职业教育高质量发展的关键与重点

The Key and Focus Points for High-Quality Development of Vocational Education in the Context of Education Power

职业教育是我国现代教育体系的重要组成部分,也是相对薄弱的一个板块。要实现2035年建成教育强国的既定目标,需要大力提升职业教育质量,增强其对国家战略的支撑作用,在核心指标上早日达到世界公认的职教强国发展水平。为此,在宏观层面,职业教育要服务好国家重大战略,特别是建设制造强国、实现新型工业化、建设现代化产业体系和发展新质生产力等四大战略;在中观层面,职业教育要实现四方面理念创新:一是引领职教类型定位从“雷同”到“不同”再向“协同”跃升;二是推进职教体系改革从“双通”向“三融”深化;三是推动职教改革工作格局从“院校为主”向“一体两翼”升级;四是明确职教发展目标从侧重“一个服务”向“两个服务”并重转变。在微观层面,职业教育要着力做好四项重点工作:全方位深化产教融合、全过程畅通学生成长成才通道、全面提升人才培养质量和全社会营造职业教育发展环境。

Vocational education is an important part of China’s modern education system,but also a relatively weakness.In order to achieve the set goal of building an education power by 2035,it is necessary to vigorously improve the quality of vocational education,enhance its supporting role in the national strategy,and reach the development level of a world-recognized vocational education power as soon as possible in the core indicators.Therefore,at the macro level,vocational education should serve the major national strategies,especially the four major strategies of building a strong manufacturing country,realizing a new type of industrialization,building a modern industrial system and developing new quality productivity.In the middle level,vocational education should realize four aspects of concept innovation:firstly,to lead the type of vocational education from“identical”to“different”and then to“collaborative”leap;secondly,to promote the deepening of vocational education system reform from“double-access”to“three-integration”;thirdly,to promote the upgrading of the work pattern of vocational education reform from“institution-oriented”to“one body with two wings”;fourthly,to be clear that the development goal of vocational education has changed from focusing on“one service”to“two services”.At the micro level,vocational education should focus on four key tasks:deepening the integration of enterprises with schools and universities in an all-round way,smoothing the whole process for students’growth and success,comprehensively improving the quality of talent training and creating an environment for the development of vocational education in the whole society.