基于专利文献计量的热泵相变蓄热除霜技术发展态势研究

Tendency study of heat pump phase change heat storage defrosting technology based on patent bibliometric analysis

结霜问题制约了空气源热泵的应用与发展。基于专利文献计量,以热泵领域节能性能良好的相变蓄热除霜技术作为主题,系统梳理了2001—2022年间全球专利申请情况,分析了申请趋势、申请人分布、申请人国别、外国申请人在中国申请情况、技术功效、技术演进情况。格力、美的、松下电器为主要申请人。该领域主要包含蓄热装置内单制冷剂管路、蓄热装置内多制冷剂管路、蓄热装置回收压缩机余热、蓄热装置回收太阳能及蓄热装置结构设计5个技术分支。为了保障室内舒适性,技术研发集中在实现热泵化霜时制热。对于蓄热装置回收压缩机余热技术,可以在相变材料、技术效果等方面与松下电器区分。

The problem of frosting restricts the application and development of air-source heat pumps.Based on the patent bibliometric analysis,taking the phase change heat storage defrosting technology with good energy-saving performance in the heat pump field as the theme,this paper systematically reviews the global patent applications from 2001 to 2022,and analyses the application trend,applicant distribution,applicant countries,foreign applicants'applications in China,technical efficacy,and technological evolution.GREE,Midea and Matsushita Electric are the main applicants.This field mainly includes five technical branches,i.e.single refrigerant pipeline in the heat storage device,multiple refrigerant pipelines in the heat storage device,recovery of compressor waste heat by the heat storage device,recovery of solar energy by the heat storage device,and structural design of the heat storage device.In order to ensure indoor comfort,technology research and development focuses on realizing heating during heat pump defrosting.The technology of heat storage device recovering compressor waste heat can be distinguished from Matsushita Electric in terms of phase change materials and technical effects.