高氯酸盐的快速荧光检测及其食品分析应用进展

Research progress on rapid fluorescence detection of perchlorate and its application in food analysis

高氯酸盐(perchlorate,ClO_(4)^(–))是一种广泛存在于食品中的“新型污染物”,安全风险主要来源于其对人体碘吸收的抑制作用。因此高氯酸盐的快速检测对保障食品安全与人体健康有重要意义。传统的仪器检测方法存在样品预处理复杂、设备成本昂贵、需要专业操作人员等问题,限制了其在大规模快速筛查样品中的应用。因此,迫切需要开发低成本、方便、快捷的高氯酸盐检测方法。近年来已开发出多种荧光检测探针,显著提升了高氯酸盐检测的效率和准确性。本文立足于高氯酸盐荧光检测材料的开发和检测方法构建,并对基于无机配合物、有机小分子、超分子等不同类型的荧光材料在高氯酸盐检测中的应用及机制进行总结。此外,本文还探讨了这些荧光方法在食品分析中的应用,以期为食品中高氯酸盐快速检测技术方法的开发提供参考。

Perchlorate is a persistent pollutant that is commonly found in food.It impedes the absorption of iodine in the human body.Therefore,the rapid determination of perchlorate is of great significance for ensuring food safety and human health.Traditional instrumental detection methods still have several drawbacks,such as time-consuming sample pre-treatment,expensive equipment costs,and the need for specialized operators,which restrict their application in rapid,large-scale screening of samples.Consequently,the development of low-cost,convenient,and rapid detection methods for perchlorate has become an urgent need.In recent years,the development of various fluorescence detection methods has significantly enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of perchlorate detection.This paper focused on advancing fluorescent detection materials and methodologies in the detection of perchlorates,and summarized the current applications of diverse fluorescent materials,such as inorganic complexes,organic small molecules,and supramolecular structures.Additionally,this paper explored recent advancements in food-based perchlorate detection methods,offering guidance for the development of rapid detection methods for perchlorate pollutants.