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长江中下游湖泊植食性水鸟栖息地适宜性变化

Habitat suitability changes of herbivorous waterbirds in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain
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摘要 长江中下游湿地是东亚-澳大利西亚迁徙路线水鸟重要的越冬地,也是全球生物多样性保护的热点区域。近年来,气候变化和人类活动改变了长江中下游湖泊湿地的水文情况和自然生境,湿地变化对水鸟产生的影响尚未得到有效评估。了解湿地水鸟的分布动态,分析模拟湿地水鸟栖息地的分布变化至关重要。基于长江中下游植食性水鸟公民科学数据,结合MaxEnt模型,模拟了2012—2021年长江中下游25个湖泊植食性水鸟栖息地的适宜性及变化趋势,并探究湖泊洪泛区面积对植食性水鸟栖息地适宜性的影响。研究评估的长江中下游湖泊中,鄱阳湖2012—2021年栖息地适宜性呈现下降趋势,长湖和武湖呈上升趋势,其他湖泊并无显著上升或下降的趋势。湖泊洪泛区面积与湖泊植食性水鸟栖息地适宜性呈现显著相关关系,可作为水鸟栖息地适宜性的预测指标,研究可为湿地水鸟栖息地预测及湿地生态系统管理提供科学方法和结果参考。 The middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain is a hot spot for global biodiversity conservation and an important wintering ground for the East Asia-Australia migration route.In recent years,climate change and human activities have dramatically changed the hydrological conditions and natural habitats of lakes in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain,and the effects of these changes on waterbirds habitat have not been effectively evaluated.It is very important to understand the distribution dynamics of wetland waterbirds and analyze the distribution changes of simulated wetland waterbird habitats.Based on the MaxEnt model and the filtered citizen science data of herbivorous waterbirds in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain,this paper simulated the suitability and distribution trend of herbivorous waterbirds habitats of 25 lakes in the middle and lower the Yangtze River from 2012 to 2021,and explored the relationship between the change of inundation area of lake and the habitat suitability of herbivorous waterbirds.The results show that the spatial distribution of suitable habitats for herbivorous waterbirds in typical lakes in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain showed a decreasing trend from the surrounding area to the center of the lake.In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the area of habitat suitability of herbivorous waterbirds greater than 0.5 was the smallest in 2013(1580km^(2)),and the area was the largest in 2012(4018km^(2))except for 2014(low fitting accuracy).The habitat suitability of Poyang Lake in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain has shown a downward trend in the past 10 years.The reason may be that the water level of Poyang Lake continues to decline and the water surface area decreases.Among the other lakes,Chang Lake and Wu Lake showed an upward trend,and the rest showed no significant upward or downward trend.The study also found that the inundation area was significantly correlated with the habitat suitability of lake herbivorous waterbirds.The inundation area of growing vegetation formed by water level difference provides habitats and food sources for herbivorous waterbirds,and the area of inundation area can be used as a predictor of habitat suitability of waterbirds.This study can provide a scientific method and result for the simulation and prediction of wetland waterbird habitat,wetland ecosystem management,and biodiversity protection.
作者 滕佳昆 陈继龙 杨慧 王冉 夏少霞 段后浪 于秀波 朱玉扣 TENG Jiakun;CHEN Jilong;YANG Hui;WANG Ran;XIA Shaoxia;DUAN Houlang;YU Xiubo;ZHU Yukou(School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第20期9233-9241,共9页 Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金 国家自然科学基金(42201115,42171105) 江苏省自然资源厅科技创新项目(2023029,2022008)。
关键词 水鸟栖息地 长江中下游 植食性水鸟 洪泛区 最大熵模型 waterbird habitat the middle and lower Yangtze River herbivorous waterbirds inundation area MaxEnt
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