课外补习对中小学生学业表现的影响研究——基于53项国内外实证研究的元分析

Examining the Impact of Extracurricular Tutoring on Academic Performance of Primary and Secondary School Students:A Meta-analysis on 53 Empirical Studies

自“双减”政策颁布以来,中小学课外补习热潮得到了有效遏制,但仍有部分家长视课外补习为提升成绩的“灵丹妙药”。对于课外补习是否能有效提升学业表现,学界尚未得出一致性结论。本研究采用元分析循证方法,对2001—2022年间国内外有关课外补习对中小学生学业表现影响的53项实证研究进行量化分析,旨在探讨课外补习对学生学业表现的影响。结果显示,课外补习对学业表现的提升作用有限,补习参与度、学段、科目、学业成绩、先前学业成就、父母教育期望对学业表现具有显著调节作用。据此,提出家长应理性看待学生的学业成绩,重视对学生综合能力的评估,以及家庭、社会和学校形成育人合力的建议。

Since the implementation of the"Double Reduction"policy,the prevalence of extracurricular tutoring for primary and secondary school students has been effectively curbed.However,some parents continue to perceive extracurricular tutoring as a"miracle cure"for improving academic performance.Scholarly consensus on the efficacy of extracurricular tutoring in enhancing academic performance remains elusive.This study employs a meta-analytic,evidence-based approach to quantitatively analyze 53 empirical studies conducted between 2001 and 2022 that examine the impact of extracurricular tutoring on the academic performance of primary and secondary school students,aiming to explore its influence on students'academic achievement.The results indicate that the effect of extracurricular tutoring on improving academic performance is limited.The extent of participation in extracurricular tutoring programs,educational stage,subject area,current academic achievement,prior academic attainment,and parents'educational expectations play significant roles in regulating academic performance.Consequently,the study recommends that parents adopt a rational attitude towards their children's academic achievement,emphasize holistic skill development,and support collaborative efforts among families,communities,and schools to foster students'growth.