亚麻籽油替代鱼油对大黄鱼生长性能和肌肉代谢能力的影响

Effects of replacement of dietary fish oil by linseed oil on growth performance and muscle metabolic capacity of large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)

试验旨在探究亚麻籽油替代鱼油对大黄鱼生长性能、饲料利用及肌肉代谢能力的影响。选取360尾初重为(3.89±0.01)g的大黄鱼随机分为两组,每组3个重复,每个重复60尾鱼,配制两种等氮等脂饲料,即鱼油组(FO组,鱼油添加量6%)和亚麻籽油组(LO组,亚麻籽油完全替代鱼油)。试验期10 w。结果显示,LO组大黄鱼末重和增重率显著低于FO组(P<0.05),饲料系数显著高于FO组(P<0.05)。与FO组相比,LO组肌肉中亚油酸和α-亚麻酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量显著下降(P<0.05)。亚麻籽油替代鱼油显著影响了肌肉腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶/沉默信息调节因子1/过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α(AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α)通路及糖脂代谢相关基因表达(P<0.05)。LO组肌肉中乳酸脱氢酶活性及葡萄糖-6-磷酸和乳酸含量显著高于FO组(P<0.05),柠檬酸合酶和细胞色素c氧化酶活性显著低于FO组(P<0.05)。研究表明,亚麻籽油完全替代鱼油抑制了大黄鱼生长性能和饲料利用,降低了肌肉EPA和DHA含量,引起了肌肉AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α通路基因表达以及线粒体有氧代谢能力的下降。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of replacement of dietary fish oil by linseed oil on the growth performance,feed utilization,and muscle metabolic capacity of large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).A total of 360 juvenile large yellow croaker with an initial weight of(3.89±0.01)g were randomly divided into two groups,with three replicates per group and 60 fish per replicate.Two isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated,namely the fish oil group(FO group,with a fish oil addition of 6%)and the linseed oil group(LO group,where linseed oil completely replaced fish oil).The experimental period was 10 weeks.The results showed that the final weight and weight gain rate of the large yellow croaker in the LO group were significantly lower than those in the FO group(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio was significantly higher than that in the FO group(P<0.05).Compared with the FO group,the concentrations of linoleic acid andα-linolenic acid in the muscle of the LO group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The substitution of fish oil with linseed oil significantly affected the expression of genes related to AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1αpathway,and glucose and lipid metabolism in muscle(P<0.05).The activity of lactate dehydrogenase and the concentrations of glucose-6-phosphate and lactate in the muscle of the LO group were significantly higher than those in the FO group(P<0.05),while the activities of citrate synthase and cytochrome c oxidase were significantly lower than that in the FO group(P<0.05).The study indicates that the total replacement of dietary fish oil with linseedoil can inhibit growth performance and feed utilization,reduce the content of muscle EPA and DHA and induced the declines in the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1αpathway-related genes expression andmitochondrial aerobic metabolism in muscle of large yellow croaker.