互嵌与融合:乡村治理现代化建设中正式权力与农民主体的张力及化解路径——以安徽省C村为例

Mutual Embedding and Integration:the Tension Between Official Authority and Peasant Subject in the Modernization of Rural Governance and the Way——Taking C Village in Anhui Province as An Example

乡村治理现代化是国家治理现代化的重要组成部分,对整个社会的稳定与发展起着基础性作用。乡村治理现代化建设离不开正式权力的有效引领和适当介入,然而在具体实践中也存在正式权力与乡村社会中的农民主体产生张力,从而给乡村治理现代化建设带来挑战。通过对安徽省大别山地区C村的乡村治理实践分析,了解到二者之间的张力具体表现为:第一,乡土社会空间失语:正式权力代办,农民主体参与空间被挤占;第二,正式权力悬浮自转:线性治理使得农民主体行动与乡村治理相分离;第三,行政吸纳社会:正式权力逐渐强化,农民主体自治弱化。借鉴新内生发展理论,在多重张力并存的现实情况下,正式权力与农民互嵌融合式的新内生发展机制可以缓解张力冲突,通过唤醒资源、双向赋能、情境再造等路径或能促进正式权力与农民主体的协同互动,共同推进乡村治理现代化进程。

The modernization of rural governance is a key aspect of national governance modernization and plays a foundational role in encuring social stability and development.The modernization of rural governance cannot be separated from the effective guidance and proper intervention of official authority.However,in concrete practice,there is also tension between official authority and the endogenous power of rural society,which brings challenges to the modernization of rural governance.Through the analysis of the rural governance practice of C village in Dabie Mountain area of Anhui province,the tension between the two is manifested as follows:First,local social space aphasia occurs as formal power agents dominate,leaving villagers with little motivation to participate;Second,the official authority suspension rotation:linear governance separates farmers'participation from rural governance actions;Third,administration absorbs society:formal power is strengthened,and peasant autonomy is weakened.Drawing on the theory of new endogenous development,under the realistic situation of multiple tensions co-existing,the new endogenous development mechanism with the integration of official authority and farmers can alleviate tension conflicts,and promote the synergistic interaction between official authority and farmers through such paths as mobilizing resources,two-way empowerment and situational reconstruction,so as to jointly promote the modernization process of rural governance.