普鲁兰多糖-曲酸复合涂膜在水蜜桃保鲜中的应用

Application of Pullulan Polysaccharide-kojic Acid Composite Coating in the Preservation of Honey Peach

针对水蜜桃采后因生理代谢、病原菌侵染等造成的损耗大、品质下降、贮藏时间短等问题,以普鲁兰多糖为成膜剂,以曲酸为抗氧化剂和抑菌剂,以山梨酸钾和氯化钙为助剂研制水蜜桃复合保鲜涂膜,并通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定复合保鲜涂膜最优配方。结果表明,复合涂膜保鲜剂的最佳配方为普鲁兰多糖1.5%,曲酸0.4%,山梨酸钾0.15%,氯化钙2%。在该配方下,水蜜桃的腐烂率较对照组降低了80.95%,贮藏时间由14 d延长至30 d,具有良好的保鲜效果。同时,水蜜桃的硬度、可溶性固形物及维C含量等指标分别为对照组的3.60倍,1.88倍和2.59倍,在延缓水蜜桃腐烂的同时,较好地维持了水蜜桃的品质,具有较好的推广应用价值。

In order to solve the problems of high loss,low quality and short storage time caused by physiological metabolism and pathogenic bacteria infection in postharvest honry peach,this study used Pullulan polysaccharide as film forming agent,kojic acid as antioxidant and bacteriostatic agent,potassium sorbate and calcium chloride as additives to develop honry peach composite preservation coating.Through single factor and orthogonal test,the optimal formula of composite preservation coating was determined.The results showed that the best formula of the composite coating preservative was pullulan 1.5%,kojic acid 0.4%,potassium sorbate 0.15%and calcium chloride 2%.Under this formula,the decay rate of honry peach was reduced by 80.95%compared with the control,and the storage time was extended from 14 days to 30 days,which had good fresh-keeping effect.At the same time,the hardness,soluble solids and Vitamin C content of honry peach were 3.60 times,1.88 times and 2.59 times of the control,respectively.The quality of honry peach was better maintained while delaying the decay of honry peach,and it had good popularization and application value.