关于我国战略性矿产供应安全的思考

Thoughts on supply security of strategic mineral resources in China

战略性矿产资源是我国经济社会发展、国防现代化建设、新兴产业发展的基本保障,稳定、充足的供应对实现全面建成社会主义现代化强国的第二个百年奋斗目标至关重要。我国将24种矿产列入战略性矿产名录,美国、欧盟也相继发布了关键矿产清单。本文根据我国战略性矿产供需形势,简要分析了战略性矿产供应存在的风险隐患:一是资源禀赋差,开发利用水平较低;二是资源需求强劲,国内供应压力大;三是对外依存程度高,境外获取风险大;四是与美、欧关键矿产高度重合,国际竞争态势波动大。针对以上风险隐患提出了建议:一是加强国内地质找矿力度,保持后备资源储量供给;二是加快矿产资源综合利用技术创新,推动行业可持续发展;三是加强国际矿业合作,拓宽资源获取渠道;四是建立战略性矿产目录定期更新机制。

Strategic mineral resources are the basic guarantee for the development of economy and society,the modernization of national defense and the development of emerging sectors of China.The stable and sufficient supply of strategic mineral resources is crucial to achieving the goal for the second centenary,which is to build China into a great modern socialist country in every respect.China has included twenty-four kinds of minerals in the list of strategic minerals.While,The United States and the European Union have also issued lists of Critical mineral resources.According to the supply and demand situation of strategic minerals in China,this paper briefly analyzes the risks and hidden dangers of strategic mineral supply.Firstly,the resource endowment is poor,while the exploitation and development are on a low level.Secondly,the resource demand is strong,but domestic supply is insufficient.Thirdly,the degree of external dependence is high,and there is a large risk of overseas acquisition.Fourthly,it is highly overlapping with critical minerals list in the United States and European Union,and the international competition situation fluctuates greatly.Therefore,suggestions are put forward for the risks and hidden dangers.The first is to strengthen the domestic geological prospecting and maintain the supply of reserve resources.The second is to accelerate technological innovation in the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and promote the sustainable development of the mineral industry.The third is to strengthen international mining cooperation and broaden channels for obtaining resources.The fourth is to update the list of strategic minerals.