基于传感器网络的煤矿瓦斯预警系统设计与应用

Design and application of coal mine gas early warning system based on sensor network

针对瓦斯监测效果差、预警困难等特点,基于传感器网络技术,设计了一套煤矿瓦斯监测与预警系统。该系统采用分布式部署的瓦斯传感器节点实时采集矿井内部的瓦斯浓度数据,并通过ZigBee无线通信网络将数据传输到地面监控中心。经实验测试,传感器节点的采样精度优于±0.5%LEL,重复性误差小于1%。系统设计了基于动态阈值的瓦斯报警算法,可根据瓦斯浓度变化趋势自适应调整报警阈值,在保证报警及时性的同时,将误报率降低了60%以上。当瓦斯浓度超限时,系统能够在1 s内发出报警,且准确率达到98%以上。通过在开滦(集团)钱家营煤矿的试点应用,证实该系统能够对矿井瓦斯进行全方位的实时监测,瓦斯事故预警的平均提前量提高到30 min以上,有效提升了煤矿安全生产水平。

Aiming at the characteristics of poor gas monitoring effect and difficult early warning,a set of coal mine gas monitoring and early warning system is designed based on sensor network technology.The system uses distributed deployed gas sensor nodes to collect gas concentration data inside the mine in real time,and transmits the data to the ground monitoring center through the ZigBee wireless communication network.After experimental testing,the sampling accuracy of the sensor node is better than±0.5%LEL,and the repeatability error is less than 1%.The system has designed a gas alarm algorithm based on dynamic thresholds,which can adaptively adjust the alarm threshold according to the changing trend of gas concentration.While ensuring the timeliness of alarms,the false alarm rate is reduced by more than 60%.When the gas concentration exceeds the limit,the system can issue an alarm within 1 second,with an accuracy of more than 98%.Through pilot applications in Qianjiaying Coal Mine of Kailuan(Group)in Hebei Province,it has been confirmed that the system can conduct all-round real-time monitoring of mine gas,and the average lead time of gas accident warnings has been increased to more than 30 minutes,effectively improving the safety level of coal mine production.