含水充填体下采场矿体安全回采技术研究

Research on safety mining technology of stope ore body below water filling body

与传统“水害”问题不同,玉溪大红山矿业公司I号铜矿带深部采用点柱式上向水平分层充填法开采,由于大范围采空区采用水力充填后排水效果差,导致充填体中含有大量充填水,在多年的生产作业过程中充填水不断补给并向下渗透,形成含水充填体,对下部中段向上开采产生严重安全威胁。研究从含水充填体特性、探放水方案、隔离顶柱留设厚度及安全回采技术等方面开展了深入研究;综合采用理论计算、钻探、物探等手段得到了赋水特性;制定了从各回采联道向上施工放水孔疏干上中段充填体水的探放水方案;采用理论计算和数值模拟的手段得到了在疏干和赋水工况下各中段留设隔离顶柱最小安全厚度;优化了回采安全技术及充填减排水方案。项目成果取得了成功应用,在保障安全开采的同时最大程度回收了资源,对于产生同类“水害”问题的矿山具有较高的借鉴意义。

Different from the traditional“water damage”problem,Yuxi Dahongshan Mining Company adopts the point-pillar upward horizontal slicing and filling method for deep mining of No.I copper mine belt.Due to the poor drainage effect after hydraulic filling in a large range of goaf,the backfill body contains a lot of filling water,which has been continuously replenishment and downward penetration in the production process for many years,forming a water filling body.It poses a serious threat to the safety of mining up in the lower and middle parts.The research has carried out in-depth research from the characteristics of water filling body,water exploration and drainage scheme,isolation top pillar remaining thickness and safety mining technology.The characteristics of water charging are obtained by means of theoretical calculation,drilling and geophysical exploration.A water exploration and drainage scheme is formulated to drain water from the upper middle filling body by constructing drainage holes upward from each stoping link.By means of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation,the minimum safety thickness of isolation top pillar in each middle section is obtained under the conditions of dewatering and water charging.The safety technology of stoping and the scheme of filling and reducing drainage are optimized.The results of the project have been successfully applied,and the resources have been recovered to the greatest extent while ensuring the safety of mining,which has a high reference significance for mines that have similar“water damage”problems.