声音干预对NICU早产儿睡眠质量和生长发育的影响

Effects of sound intervention on sleep quality and growth and development of premature infants in NICU

目的研究声音干预对新生儿重症监护室(NICU)住院治疗早产儿的睡眠质量与生长发育状况的影响。方法选取2022年1月至2023年6月接受住院治疗的早产儿共计90例,通过随机抽签法抽取试验组与对照组,每组45例。对照组常规早产儿管理,试验组增加声音干预。对比2组早产儿的平均奶量、体格发育情况、生长速率、体重恢复时间、神经发育状况、出院时间等指标差异。结果2组早产儿出生时的体重、身长与头围差异无统计意义(P>0.05),出生2周时2组发育指标均较前增加(P<0.05),且试验组均大于对照组(P<0.05);试验组早产儿第1周、第2周平均耐量大于对照组(P<0.05),体质量恢复时间短于对照组(P<0.05);试验组早产儿的日均睡眠时间较对照组更长(P<0.05),夜间觉醒时间较长对照组更短(P<0.05);干预前2组早产儿的神经行为评分均无统计意义(P>0.05),干预后2组评分均增高(P<0.05),且试验组的各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论母亲心音与语音联合音乐疗法能够提高NICU早产儿的奶量、生长发育速度、神经发育状况与睡眠质量。

Objective To investigate the effects of sound interventions on sleep quality and growth and development of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).Methods A total of 90 premature infants hospitalized in NICU of our hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were included as the subjects of this experiment.They were randomly assigned into the experimental group and the control group by a random drawing method,with 45 cases in each group.Conventional management of preterm infants was performed in both groups,and sound intervention was additionally applied to those in the experimental group.The average milk volume,physical development,growth rate,weight recovery time,neurodevelopment status,discharge time and other indicators were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences in body weight,body length and head circumference at birth between the two groups(P>0.05).The developmental statue indexes of the two groups significantly increased at 2 weeks of birth,which were significantly superior in the experimental group than the control group(P<0.05).The average tolerance of preterm infants in the first and second weeks of birth was significantly higher in the experimental group than that of the control group,and the body mass recovery time was significantly shorter in the experimental group(P<0.05).The average daily sleep time of preterm infants in the experimental group was significantly longer than that in control group,and the night awakening time was significantly shorter(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the neurobehavioral scores of preterm infants between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05),which were significantly elevated in both groups after intervention,and especially higher in the experimental group than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Mother’s heart sound and speech combined with music therapy can improve the milk volume,growth and development rate,neurodevelopmental status and sleep quality of premature infants in NICU.