运用个案管理模式对极低出生体重儿健康质量的远期影响

Long-term effect of case management on the health quality of very low birth weight infants

目的研究个案管理模式对极低出生体重儿健康质量的远期影响。方法选取2020年12月至2023年5月中山市小榄人民医院出生的90例极低出生体重儿作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将患儿分为对照组(45例)和研究组(45例)。对照组患儿采取早产儿责任制整体护理方案,研究组患儿采取运用个案管理模式护理。比较两组患儿的干预前及干预6个月后的生长发育情况、智力发育情况、矫正胎龄42周的行为神经评分法(NBNA)、心理发展指数(MDI)及心理运动发展指数(PDI)。结果干预后,研究组患儿的身长、头围及体重高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。矫正胎龄42周,研究组患儿的NBNA、MDI、PDI高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组患儿的大运动、社交能力、精细运动、语言交流、环境适应及总平均分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论极低出生体重儿的干预中采取个案管理模式,患儿的生长发育以及智力发育各项指标改善,建议临床推广。

Objective To investigate the long-term effect of case management on the health quality of very low birth weight infants.Methods A total of 90 very low birth weight infants born in Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan from December 2020 to May 2023 were selected as the study objects.According to random number table method,children were divided into control group(45 cases)and study group(45 cases).The control group adopted the overall nursing plan of responsibility system for premature infants,and the study group adopted the case management model.The growth and development,intellectual development,behavioral neural score(NBNA),psychological development index(MDI)and psychomotor development index(PDI)corrected for gestational age of 42 weeks were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the body length,head circumference and body weight of the children in the study group were higher than those in the control group,with statistical significances(P<0.05).42 weeks of corrected gestational age,the NBNA,MDI and PDI in the study group were higher than those in the control group,with statistical significances(P<0.05).After intervention,the gross motor,social ability,fine motor,language communication,environmental adaptation and overall average score of children in the study group were higher than those in the control group,with statistical significances(P<0.05).Conclusion Case management during intervention for very low birth weight infants significantly improved their growth and development,intellectual development,suggesting that it should be widely promoted clinically.