不同施肥处理对降香黄檀生长和土壤理化性质的影响

Effect of Different Fertilization Treatments on Dalbergia odorifera Growth and Physicochemical Properties of Soil

[目的]通过设置不同配方及比例,筛选降香黄檀科学施肥的方法,为其增产提供理论依据。[方法]以10年生降香黄檀林木为试验对象,使用氮肥(N)、磷肥(P)、钾肥(K)和对照(CK)配比设计,500、1000、1500 g/株和0 g/株的施肥量,测定降香黄檀胸径增长量、土壤理化性质等指标。[结果]肥料类型对土壤容重、田间持水量和含水率无明显影响,但对土壤毛管孔隙度有极显著影响;N、P、K肥和施肥量对土壤pH、有机质、有效钾、全钾、有效磷、全磷、碱解氮和全氮8种土壤化学性质指标均有不同程度的影响;肥料类型对降香黄檀林木胸径生长有影响,但施肥量对其生长无显著影响;降香黄檀胸径增长量与土壤有机质、全钾土壤化学性质指标存在较强正相关,与其余10种理化指标相关性较弱,且不存在显著相关。[结论]综合考虑,施P肥1500 g/株的土壤理化性质较为适宜10年生降香黄檀的生长。

[Objective]By setting different formulas and ratios,the scientific fertilization method of Dalbergia odorifera was screened to provide a theoretical basis for its yield increase.[Method]Taking 10-year-old D.odorifera trees as the object,Using N、P、K and CK ratio design,fertilizer application amount of 500,1000,1500 g/plant and 0 g/plant,the DBH growth of D.odorifera,soil physical and chemical properties were measured.[Result]Fertilizer type had no obvious effects on soil capillary porosity,field water holding and soil moisture content,but they could increase the soil moisture content.N,P,K fertilizer affected soil pH,organic matter,effective potassium,total potassium,active phosphorus,total phosphorus,alkaline nitrogen and total nitrogen.Fertilizer type had an effect on the growth of D.odorifera trees,but the amount of fertilizer had no significant effect on its growth.There was a strong positive correlation between the increase of DBH and soil organic matter and total potassium soil chemical properties,and a weak correlation with the remaining 10 physicochemical indexes,and there was no significant correlation.[Conclusion]In view of the overall results,it can be concluded that the soil physicochemical properties of 1500 g/plant of P fertilizer are more suitable for the growth of 10-year-old D.odorifera.