农村成年流动人口二代的生育决策与生成机制研究

Research on the Fertility Decision-making and Generation Mechanism of the Second Generation of Rural Adult Floating Population

农村成年流动人口二代群体规模较大,其生育意愿及家庭生育决策对整体人口结构变化具有重要影响。研究发现,农村成年流动人口二代在理想子女数量上与非流动人口二代并无显著差异,但前者生育意愿与生育行为的偏离度更高,有留守经历的育龄群体更难实现生育意愿向生育行为的转化。不同群体的生育行为形成了分化,相较于继续流动型和城市定居型农村成年流动人口二代,留守在农村的成年流动人口二代多孩生育行为发生率更高。这与个体生命历程中的留守经历、资源禀赋积累匮乏以及代际支持与社会支持较弱相关。应建立以家庭为核心的多元生育支持机制,完善生育支持制度体系,继续推动乡村经济发展,从而充分释放农村人口生育潜能。

The second generation of rural adult floating population has a large size,and its fertility intention and family fertility decision have an important impact on the overall population structure change.It is found that there is no significant difference between the second generation of rural adult floating population and the second generation of non-floating population in the ideal number of children,but the former has a higher deviation degree between reproductive intention and reproductive behavior,and it is more difficult for the child-bearing age group with left-behind experience to turn the reproductive intention into reproductive behavior.The fertility behavior of different groups has formed a differentiation.Compared with the second generation of rural adult floating population who continue to flow and the second generation of urban settled rural adult float-ing population,the incidence of multi-child fertility behavior of the second generation of rural adult floating population who stay in rural areas is higher.This is related to the left-behind experience in individual life course,the lack of accumulation of resource endowment,and the weakening of intergenerational support and social support.It is necessary to establish a family as the core of the multiple birth support mechanism,im-prove the birth support system,continue to promote rural economic development,so as to release the repro-ductive potential of the rural population.