江苏省低龄老年人再就业及影响因素研究——基于CHARLS2020数据的实证分析

Study on the Re-employment Status and Influencing Factors of the Younger Elderly Population in Jiangsu Province:An Empirical Analysis Based on the CHARLS2020

对低龄老年人再就业的影响因素进行研究,有助于充分挖掘低龄老年人力资源,缓解人口老龄化问题。选择江苏省作为研究区域,利用2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据(CHARLS)进行实证分析。得出以下结论:第一,江苏省低龄老年人口再就业潜力大,尤其是城镇低龄老年人口以及女性低龄老年人口;第二,人口学特征对江苏省低龄老年人再就业影响较为显著,其中年龄、性别、居住地、健康状况影响程度依次递增;第三,家庭因素中隔代照料对低龄老年人再就业产生较大影响,有照料孙子女需求的低龄老年人口再就业的可能性会大大降低;第四,社会保障因素中的养老金收入对低龄老年人再就业有显著影响,低龄老年人再就业的主要动机是为了提高经济收入。建议有关部门加快实施弹性退休政策,制定老年人口再就业专项规划,对老年人口进行分类并精准施策,有效促进低龄老年人再就业。

Studying on the factors influencing the reemployment of the younger elderly population is helpful to fully tap the human resources of the younger elderly population and solve the existing problem of aging population.This article takes Jiangsu Province as the research area and conducts an empirical analysis by using the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)data.The results show that,firstly,the younger elderly population of Jiangsu Province has great potential for reemployment,especially the urban and female younger elderly;secondly,the reemployment of the young elderly in Jiangsu Province has a significant influence on demographic characteristics,in which age,sex,type of residence,and individual health affect significantly and the influence degree increases successively;thirdly,family factors have a great impact on the reemployment of the younger elderly,and the younger elderly people who have to take care of their grandchildren maybe not choose to reemploy;fourthly,pension income has a significant influence on reemployment of the younger elderly,which indicates that the reemployment behavior of the younger elderly people is more motivated by economic income.The article suggests that the government propose a flexible retirement policy,formulate special plans for the reemployment of the elderly population,classify precise policies for the elderly population,and effectively promote the reemployment of the younger elderly.