经颅脑超声在高危新生儿脑损伤早期诊断应用分析

Application Analysis of Transcranial Ultrasound in Early Diagnosis of High-risk Neonatal Brain Injury

目的分析经颅脑超声在早期诊断高危新生儿脑损伤中的应用价值。方法选取2020年10月—2023年10月青岛市胶州中心医院收治的68例疑似脑损伤高危新生儿为研究对象,均行经颅脑超声检查,以临床最终诊断结果为金标准,分析经颅脑超声诊断结果、诊断价值以及对颅内出血、缺氧缺血性脑病、脑室扩张的诊断符合率。结果临床最终诊断结果检出58例阳性,10例阴性。经颅脑超声检出56例阳性,12例阴性。经颅脑超声的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均较高,与临床最终诊断结果的一致性较好(kappa值为0.783)。经颅脑超声检查诊断颅内出血、缺氧缺血性脑病、脑室扩张的符合率分别为96.00%(24/25)、96.77%(30/31)、50.00%(1/2)。结论在高危新生儿脑损伤早期诊断中,经颅脑超声的准确度较高,可提高临床诊断颅脑损伤类型的诊断符合率。

Objective To analyze the application value of transcranial ultrasound in the early diagnosis of brain injury in high-risk neonates.Methods From October 2020 to October 2023,a total of 68 high-risk neonates with suspected brain injury admitted to Jiaozhou Central Hospital in Qingdao were selected as the research objects.All of them underwent transcranial ultrasound examination.The final clinical diagnosis results were used as the gold standard to analyze the diagnostic results,diagnostic value and diagnostic coincidence rates of intracranial hemorrhage,hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and ventricular dilatation of transcranial ultrasound.Results A total of 58 cases were positive and 10 cases were negative in the final clinical diagnosis.A total of 56 cases were positive and 12 cases were negative by transcranial ultrasound.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of transcranial ultrasound were higher,and the consistency with the final clinical diagnosis was good(kappa value was 0.783).The coincidence rates of intracranial hemorrhage,hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and ventricular dilatation diagnosed by transcranial ultrasound were 96.00%(24/25),96.77%(30/31)and 50.00%(1/2),respectively.Conclusion The accuracy of craniocerebral ultrasound in the early diagnosis of brain injury in high-risk neonates is high,which can enhance the diagnostic coincidence rate of brain injury types.