市场化进程、对外开放与省域经济增长要素效率——基于多层统计模型的分析

Marketization Process,Opening up and the Factors Efficiency of Provincial Economic Growth-Based on Multi-layer Statistical Model

经济高速增长期侧重于要素规模扩张,高质量发展则需聚焦于要素效率提升。基于多层统计模型,将市场化进程和对外开放作为经济增长要素效率的影响因素纳入经济增长分析框架,构建了市场化进程和对外开放影响经济增长要素效率的计量模型,从而将经济增长模型拓展为适合于经济增长要素效率分析的模型。在此基础上,利用1998—2022年中国省域数据实证分析了市场化进程、对外开放对省域经济增长要素效率的影响。结果表明:中国不同省域间的全要素生产率、资本效率、劳动效率、人力资本效率、技术创新效率存在显著差异;产品市场发育水平、要素市场发育水平的提高都有利于全要素生产率提升,外商直接投资的增加不利于全要素生产率的提高,但货物进出口贸易的增加有助于全要素生产率的提高;外商直接投资的增加有利于提高劳动效率和人力资本效率,货物进出口贸易的增加将抑制人力资本效率;经济增长要素效率的影响在不同区域、不同时段上存在一定差异。中国各省域在经济增长过程中,应依据省域间影响的差异性、不同时段上的趋势性,围绕效率提高设计改革开放的政策体系,以实现经济高质量发展。

The stage of high-speed economic growth mainly focuses on the expansion of the scale of its factors,and the high-quality stage should shift the improvement of the factor efficiency.Based on the multilevel statistical model,the process of marketization and opening up as the causes affecting the factor efficiency of economic growth are brought into its analysis framework,and the econometric model of the process of marketization and opening up affecting the factor efficiency of economic growth is constructed,so as to expand the economic growth model into one more suitable for the analysis of economic growth efficiency.Based on the provincial data in China from 1998 to 2022,this thesis empirically analyzes the impact of the marketization process and opening up on the provincial factor efficiency,The results show that there are significant differences in the provincial surplus total factor productivity capital efficiency.labor efficiency,capital efficiencytechnologicalhuman innovationa Cefficiency.The development levels of the product market and the factor market positively affect the remaining total factor productivity while the foreign direct investment negatively affects it.The growth of market intermediary organizations and the environmental index of legal system have significant impact on capital efficiency,and the foreign direct investment positively influences labor efficiency and human capital efficiency,but the development of non-state-owned economy negatively affects the technological innovation efficiency.The influence of factor efficiency is different in various regions and periods.Therefore,in the process of economic growth,China’s provinces should design the policy system of reform and opening up around the improvement of efficiency based on the differences of provincial influence and the trends in different periods of time to achieve high-quality economic growth.