环境规制与制造业就业:开放条件下的理论探讨与经验证据

Environmental Regulation and Manufacturing Employment:Theoretical Discussion and Empirical Evidence under Open Conditions

本研究利用制造业行业数据对开放条件下环境规制与就业的关系进行检验。研究结果表明,开放条件下环境规制对就业存在抑制作用,且在重、中度污染行业中更加显著,但是外资的流入可部分抵消这一政策因素导致的就业损失。另外,机制分析表明环境规制对劳动就业的“需求效应”和“要素替代效应”在外资引入的条件下仍然成立。基于上述分析,本研究认为合理的环境规制并鼓励高质量出口对恢复就业并保证经济长期稳定发展具有重要意义。

This paper uses manufacturing industry data to test the relationship between environmental regulation and employment under open conditions.The results show that environmental regulation has an inhibitory effect on employment under open conditions,which is more significant in heavy and moderately polluting industries.Still,the inflow of foreign capital can partially offset the employment loss caused by this policy factor.In addition,the mechanism analysis shows that the“demand effect”and“factor substitution effect”of environmental regulation on labor employment are still valid under the condition of foreign capital introduction.Based on the above analysis,the paper believes that reasonable environmental regulations and encouraging high-quality exports are of great significance in restoring employment and ensuring long-term stable economic development.