乡村数字治理的现实困境与法治回应

The Realistic Dilemma of Rural Digital Governance and Its Legal Response

乡村数字治理带来传统治理模式下治理主体、结构、空间与方式的变革,形成乡村治理“智治”新格局。同时,也伴随着数据泄漏、规制逃逸、算法歧视等方面的治理风险。乡村数字治理的推进,亟待法治的引领、规范和保障。面向“数字/物理”双重空间,乡村治理之法治理念、原则、规则应同步进行数字化适应性革新,需要塑造乡村多元治理主体的“数字理性”,健全个人数据保护、算法决策、算法安全等方面的法律规范,完善基于责任和参与的协同治理机制,监督数字化延伸之公权力的规范行使,以法治增强数字对乡村治理的赋能效应,为全面建设社会主义现代化国家夯实基层基础。

Rural digital governance changes governance subjects,structures,spaces,and methods under traditional governance models,forming a new pattern of"smart governance"in rural governance.At the same time,it is also accompanied by data leakage,regulatory escape,algorithmic discrimination,and other aspects of governance risks.Promoting rural digital governance urgently needs the leader‐ship,regulation,and protection of the rule of law.Therefore,facing the"digital/physical"dual space,the rule of law concepts,princi‐ples,and rules of rural governance should be synchronized with the digital adaptive innovation,and need to shape the"digital rationali‐ty"of the rural multi-government subjects,improve the legal norms of personal data protection,algorithmic decision-making,algorith‐mic security,etc.,and perfect the legal standards for the protection of personal data.It is necessary to shape the"digital rationality"of the pluralistic subjects of rural governance,improve the legal norms of personal data protection,algorithmic decision-making,algo‐rithmic security,etc.,perfect the collaborative governance mechanism based on responsibility and participation,and supervise the standardized exercise of public power extended by digitization so that the rule of law can enhance the empowering effect of the digital governance of the countryside,and strengthen the grass-roots foundation for the construction of a comprehensive socialist modernization country.