基于辐射制冷与电致变色的可调节多层膜性能研究

Performance of adjustable multilayer film based on radiation cooling and electrochromism

针对车用空调的高能耗问题,设计了一种将辐射制冷膜和电致变色膜结合的可调节多层膜.为研究多层膜的降温与温度调节性能,搭建了贴膜方箱装置,并在室内对贴膜装置进行太阳光模拟器照射实验,结果表明,多层膜相比单层辐射制冷膜最大箱内降温提升约9.8℃,且能通过改变多层膜透过率实现约4.6℃的温度调节,具有较强的降温与温度调节潜力.为研究多层膜的环境适应性,在夏季和冬季的室外对贴膜装置进行实际太阳照射实验,结果表明:夏季多层膜降温效果明显,最大箱内降温高达12.9℃,而冬季多层膜降温效果较弱,最大箱内降温仅有1.9℃,具有良好的环境适应性.综上,该多层膜可为降低汽车空调能耗提供一种新的解决方案.

41◦44′N;123◦39′E Energy and environmental challenges caused by the excessive consumption of fossil fuels are major concerns worldwide,and the use of automotive air conditioning can increase total fuel consumption by 10%to 30%,thereby exacerbating these problems.To reduce the energy consumption for automotive air conditioning,a multilayer-film design based on radiative cooling and electrochromic modulation is proposed for regulating the temperature inside vehicles.The designed multilayer-film not only passively realizes temperature drop but also actively regulates the entry of solar radiation,which can help the vehicle air conditioning system to adjust the interior temperature autonomously.To verify its effectiveness,a film-applied empty box device is designed for radiometric temperature measurement.Experimental results indicate that the maximum interior temperature drop of the multilayer film increases by approximately 9.8℃compared with that of single-layer films in the sunlight irradiation,and dynamic temperature regulation of about 4.6℃can be achieved by adjusting the transmittance of the multilayer film.To study the environmental adaptability of the multilayer film,experiments are conducted on an outdoor film-applied device during the summer and winter in Shenyang,China(),the place which is characterized by a typical temperate continental climate.Results indicate that under high temperature conditions of 30–40℃in summer,the maximum internal temperature drop of the multilayer film reaches 12.9℃;while under low temperature conditions of 0–15℃in autumn and winter,the maximum internal temperature drop is only 1.9℃,preventing the interior temperature from being too low.In addition,the maximum interior temperature drop increases with the solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature increasing.Therefore,the proposed multilayer-film design,with its potential for temperature self-regulation,provides a promising solution for reducing energy consumption and improving passenger comfort.