政治学的量子转向及其当代重构

The Quantum Turn of Political Science and Its Contemporary Reconstruction

现代社会科学发展迄今,在研究视角上可分为两大派系:聚焦于意图的“内部”视角与聚焦于行为的“外部”视角。两者皆以“个体”作为研究聚焦的基本单位,以其不可再分性为前提性预设,而完全无视亚个体的向度。量子政治学激进挑战了建立在牛顿主义-人类主义范式上的现代社会科学,冲破其“内部-外部”二元论,意图或行为能动性成为研究的焦点。“世界”在本体论层面上是不确定的、开放的;包括人与各种非人类在内的所有能动者,皆在纠缠化的内关联中获得能动性,并参与到“世界化成”中。

The development of modern social sciences up to the present can be divided into two major schools of thought in terms of research perspectives: the internal perspective that focuses on intentions and the external perspective that focuses on behavior. Both take the individual as the basic analytic unit, assuming its indivisibility, while completely ignoring sub-individual dimensions.Quantum politics radically challenges the modern social sciences which has been founded on the Newtonian-humanist paradigm,breaking the latter's “internal/external” dualism. Instead of intention or behavior,agency becomes the central focus of research. The world is ontologically indeterminate and open. All agents,including humans and various non-humans,gain agency within the entangled intrarelations and participate in the worlding process.