体育非物质文化遗产传承核心要素的若干问题论述

Problems in Inheritance of Sports Intangible Cultural Heritage

传承人认定、身体技艺认证、文化空间认同是体育非遗传承实践的基础和逻辑起点,这些核心要素在体育非遗传承中呈现出一定的问题,具体表现为:代表性传承人认定中存在行政主导与伦理规范之间的反差、文化取向与实用优先之间的权衡问题;身体技艺认证中存在史实导向与虚无应对之间的矛盾、身体技艺的过度阐释与强制阐释双重问题;文化空间认同中存在系统内部传承中的文化认同降低、外部元素冲击下的传承空间萎缩变质问题。解决这些问题的关键在于吸收更多伦理学、历史学、社会学、人类学研究者进入体育非遗传承工作中,构建专业的体育非遗知识体系,践行尊重历史文化的道德底线,并在此基础上进行守正创新。

The identification of inheritors,the certification of physical skills and the identification of cultural space are the basis and logical starting point for the practice of sports intangible cultural heritage.These core elements present certain problems in sports intangible cultural heritage inheritance,which are manifested in the following aspects.There are contrasts between administrative guidance and ethical normsin the identification of representative inheritors anda balance between cultural orientation and practical priority.The certification of physical skills has problems such as the contradiction between historical reality and nihilistic response,and the over-interpretation and compulsory interpretationof physical skills.There are problems such as the reduction of cultural identity in internal inheritance and the deterioration of inheritance space under the impact of external elements in the identification of cultural space.The key to solving these problems is to invite more researchers from areas on ethics,history,sociology and anthropology into the work of sports intangible cultural heritage,to build a professional knowledge system of sports intangible cultural heritage,to respect history and culture,and emphasize innovation.