深圳高技术产业协同集聚与空间追随

Co-agglomeration and spatial follow-up of high-tech industries in Shenzhen

本文运用经济普查数据和企业POI数据,以深圳为案例,首先从经济关联和空间关联两个维度证明深圳的高技术制造业与高技术服务业具有协同集聚特征,进而运用地理探测器展开时空分析,辨析高技术制造业与高技术服务业之间的空间追随现象,通过产业集聚的空间过程解释协同集聚的形成原因。研究发现:①从经济关联看,深圳医药制造业与高技术服务业呈现协同集聚关系;②从空间关联看,医药制造企业与高技术服务企业已形成“多极+多中心”格局,3个案例医药制造龙头企业周边地区均呈现与高技术服务业协同集聚增强的趋势;③从形成过程看,高技术服务业对医药制造业存在布局的空间追随现象,即企业的追随性布局行为促成了高技术产业的协同集聚。具体表现为:信息服务业主要追随化学药品制剂制造业和化学药品原料药制造业集聚,科研服务业主要追随卫生材料及医药用品制造业集聚。空间追随为协同集聚形成的空间过程分析提供了思路,高技术产业协同集聚与产业间的空间追随关系为政策引导加快培育高质量园区提供了有益的启示。

Leveraging economic census data and enterprise Point of Interest(POI)data,this study conducts an in-depth examination of co-agglomeration in Shenzhen,southern China.First,we examine the characteristics of co-agglomeration between Shenzhen's high-tech manufacturing and high-tech service industries from both economic and spatial linkage dimensions.Second,a spatio-temporal analysis is conducted using the geographical detector to examine the spatial follow-up phenomenon,providing a detailed understanding of the processes and key factors underpinning the formation of co-agglomeration patterns.The findings are as follows:(1)From the perspective of economic linkage,Shenzhen's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and high-tech service industry show a co-agglomeration relationship;(2)From the perspective of spatial linkage,pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises and hightech service enterprises have formed a"multi-polar+multi-center"pattern,with all three case study areas surrounding leading pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises showing an enhanced trend of co-agglomeration with high-tech service industries;(3)From the perspective of the formation process,there is a spatial follow-up phenomenon of high-tech service industries to pharmaceutical manufacturing industries,meaning that the following behavior in enterprise layout promotes the co-agglomeration of high-tech industries.Specifically,the information service industry mainly follows the clustering of chemical drug and active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturing,while the scientific research service industry mainly follows the clustering of medical materials and pharmaceutical product manufacturing.The spatial follow-up process provides a perspective for analyzing the spatial process of coagglomeration formation,and the detailed spatial follow-up relationship among industries offers useful insights for policy guidance to accelerate the cultivation of high-quality industrial parks.