“本地-邻地”视角下长三角地区数字经济影响旅游创新效率的机理与空间效应

Mechanism and spatial effects of the digital economy affecting tourism innovation efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta region from the“local-neighboring area”perspective

数字经济作为引导资源快速优化配置再生、实现旅游经济高质量发展的重要引擎,从“本地—邻地”空间效应视角考察数字经济对旅游创新效率的影响,对旅游产业高质量发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。论文以长三角地区作为研究区域,构建数字经济影响旅游创新效率的理论架构,在对数字经济发展水平和旅游创新效率测度基础上,探究了二者的动态响应关系以及数字经济对旅游创新效率影响的空间效应。研究发现:①时间序列上,长三角地区旅游创新效率均值呈先降后升的“U”型格局,效率值整体水平较低,随着时间推移高值区域不断增加。省域分布上具有明显的异质性特征,上海市和浙江省旅游创新效率高于长三角地区均值,江苏省旅游创新效率与地区均值差距不断缩小,并在2018年超过地区均值,而安徽省则始终低于地区均值。②空间上,旅游创新效率总体呈现“东高西低、南高北低”的空间变化趋势;高值区主要分布在经济发达或旅游资源丰度较高地带,具有明显经济和资源指向性特征;旅游创新效率空间集聚特征明显,“高—高”和“低—低”型占据主导集聚模式。③数字经济是旅游创新效率的格兰杰原因,旅游创新效率受到数字经济的冲击响应呈现出周期性波动和时滞性特征;数字经济对本地旅游创新效率的影响具有显著正向效应,本地数字经济发展对邻近城市旅游创新的影响具有阶段性特征,当前在数字要素资源涓滴效应下对邻近城市旅游创新产生正向效应。

The digital economy is an important engine that can guide the rapid optimal allocation and regeneration of resources and achieve high-quality development of the tourism economy.Studying the impact of the digital economy on tourism innovation efficiency from the perspective of"local-neighboring area"spatial effect has important theoretical and practical significance for the high-quality development of the tourism industry.Taking the Yangtze River Delta as the research object,this study constructed a theoretical framework for the impact of the digital economy on tourism innovation efficiency.Based on the measurement of the development level of the digital economy and tourism innovation efficiency,this study explored the dynamic response relationships between the two and the spatial effects of the impact of the digital economy on tourism innovation efficiency.The findings are as follows:1)Temporally,the mean value of tourism innovation efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta region showed a U-shaped pattern of first decreasing and then increasing.The overall level of efficiency was relatively low,and the region with high values kept growing over time.The tourism innovation efficiency of Shanghai and Zhejiang Province was higher than the average value of the Yangtze River Delta region.The gap between the tourism innovation efficiency of Jiangsu Province and the average value of the Yangtze River Delta region was narrowing,and it exceeded the average value of the Yangtze River Delta region in 2018,while the tourism innovation efficiency of Anhui Province had always been lower than the average values of the Yangtze River Delta region.2)Spatially,tourism innovation efficiency generally presented a trend of high in the east and low in the west,and high in the south and low in the north.The high-value areas were mainly distributed in the economically developed areas or the areas with high abundance of tourism resources,which had apparent characteristics of economic and resource orientation.The spatial agglomeration characteristics of tourism innovation efficiency were apparent,and the"high-high"and"low-low"types dominated the agglomeration modes.3)The digital economy was the Granger cause of tourism innovation efficiency,and the response of tourism innovation efficiency to the impact of the digital economy presented the characteristics of cyclical fluctuations and time lag.The digital economy had a significant positive direct effect on local tourism innovation efficiency,but the influence on tourism innovation of neighboring cities is stage-specific.Currently,the trickle-down effect of digital factor resources has a positive effect on the tourism innovation of neighboring cities.