巴西国家网络安全战略探析

The National Cybersecurity Strategy of Brazil

作为全球重要的新兴大国和拉美地区最大国家,巴西长期致力于构建、发展和完善国家网络安全战略,将其视为保障国家安全和寻求大国地位的重要路径。自20世纪90年代至现任卢拉政府执政前,巴西国家网络安全战略经历了萌芽期、拓展期和成型期三个主要历史发展阶段,同时也面临着总体战略滞后于治理需要、国家层面战略架构统筹不足、国际层面战略立场摇摆等问题和挑战。卢拉政府2023年执政以来,通过稳定和完善核心治理机构、修正战略不足、调整战略重心等举措,推动网络安全战略进入完善阶段。长期而言,巴西国家网络安全战略将呈现出国家集中治理程度不断增强、网络监管力度逐渐加大、力图保持和提升网络安全国际合作影响力等发展趋势。

As a significant emerging power and the largest country in Latin America,Brazil has long been dedicated to constructing,developing,and refining a national cybersecurity strategy,regarding it as an important path to ensuring national security and obtaining a“great power”status.From the 1990s until shortly before the current Lula administration assumed office,Brazil's national cybersecurity strategy has undergone three development stages,namely the embryonic stage,the expansion stage,and the formative stage.Challenges persist,including an overall delay in strategy relative to governance needs,the lack of coordinated strategic architecture at the national level,and vacillations on international strategies.Since Lula's third inauguration as President,his administration has pushed Brazil's cybersecurity strategy into an optimization stage through measures such as stabilizing and improving core governance institutions,correcting strategic deficiencies,and adjusting strategic focuses.In the long run,Brazil's national cybersecurity strategy will be characterized by increasingly centralized governance,tightening cyber supervision,and a bid to maintain and boost Brazil's influence in cybersecurity-related international cooperation.