胡适《国风》今译与现代白话文学观的建构

The modern translation of Hu Shi's Guofeng and the construction of modern vernacular literary view

以胡适为代表的五四学人将白话文学的源头追溯至《国风》,为现代白话文学观的建构提供了历史合法性依据。在学理观念上,胡适对《国风》的重新定位冲破了经学的思想牢笼,恢复其文学真相,注入了现代白话思想;在今译的实践中,胡适通过对《国风》的字词训诂、文法研究和今说新解,为现代白话文学寻找到了语言资源和抒情传统,力图梳理出一条白话文学史的发展脉络,形成了古今演变的中国白话文学整体观。胡适等人以《国风》今译为“方法”建构现代白话文学观这一路径值得肯定,但在今译和白话文学古今演变的梳理中仍然存在缺失与偏颇。今天需辩证地看待传统资源与现代白话文学之间的关系。

The May Fourth Movement scholars represented by Hu Shi traced the origin of vernacular literature to Guofeng,which provided a historical legitimacy basis for the construction of modern vernacular literature view.In terms of academic concepts,Hu Shi's repositioning of Guofeng broke through the ideological prison of Confucian classics,injected the spirit of modern innovation,and restored its literary truth.In the practice of modern translation,Hu Shi finds linguistic resources and lyrical traditions for modern vernacular literature through his word interpretation,grammar study and new interpretation of modern vernacular literature,and tries to sort out a development vein of vernacular literature history,forming a holistic view of the ancient and modern evolution of Chinese vernacular literature.The path of constructing modern vernacular literature view based on the current translation of Guofeng by Hu Shi et al.is worthy of affirmation,but there are still deficiencies and biases in the current translation and the evolution of vernacular literature.Therefore,the relationship between traditional resources and modern vernacular literature needs to be examined dialectically today.