山东某牛场犊牛细菌性脑膜炎的诊疗研究

Diagnosis and Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis of Calves on a Cattle Farm in Shandong Province

犊牛脑膜炎与病毒、细菌感染、中毒等多种因素相关,主要表现为高热、精神沉郁、低头、转圈、抽搐、麻痹及失明等典型症状,死亡率极高,对牛健康养殖影响巨大。因此提高犊牛脑膜炎的诊疗水平对保障犊牛健康具有重要意义。本文通过患病犊牛典型临床症状观察、病死犊牛剖检初步判定山东某牛场发生犊牛脑膜炎,组织伪狂犬病毒PCR诊断、脑脊液细菌分离培养和16S rRNA测序等实验室诊断方法,排除病毒性脑膜炎,确诊该场新生犊牛(3~8日龄)发生金葡球菌感染性脑膜炎。对牛场进行环境消毒、出生犊牛脐带严格消毒、延后1~2日龄去角并应用抗生素预防处置后,牛场仅出现2例新发脑膜炎病例,且预后良好。本文对犊牛脑膜炎的预防和诊疗具有一定指导意义。

The occurrence of meningitis in calves is associated with various factors such as viral and bacterial infections,poisoning and so on.The infected calf mainly shows typical symptoms such as high fever,depression,turning head,convulsion,spasm,paralysis and blindness,with a very high mortality rate,and has a great impact on the healthy breeding of cattle.Therefore,it is important to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of calf meningitis to ensure the health of calves.In this study,the typical clinical symptoms of sick calves were observed and postmortem examination of dead calves were performed to preliminarily determine the occurrence of calf meningitis in a cattle farm of Shandong Province.Then,the laboratory diagnostic methods were used to distinguish between viral and bacterial causes by using brain tissue PCR diagnosis,cerebrospinal fluid bacterial isolation and culture,and 16S rRNA sequencing and other laboratory diagnostic methods.The viral meningitis was excluded and staphylococcus aureus infectious meningitis was confirmed in newborn calves(3-8 days old)in this farm.After strict disinfection of the umbilical cord of newborn calves and delayed dehorning for 1-2 days of age and prophylactic treatment with antibiotics,only 2 new cases of meningitis occurred in the cattle farm,and the prognosis was good.This study has certain guiding significance for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of calf meningitis.