自我效能在低龄老年人社会支持与养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿中的中介作用

The mediating role of self-efficacy in social support and intention of participation in time bank mutual support pension model among young old adults

目的 了解南京市低龄老年人社会支持、自我效能与养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿的现状,探讨自我效能在社会支持与养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿中的中介作用。方法 采用一般资料调查表、社会支持评定量表、一般自我效能量表、低龄老年人养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿量表对南京市365名低龄老年人进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关分析各变量之间的相关性,并使用分层回归法和Bootstrap方法分析检验自我效能在低龄老年人社会支持与养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿间的中介效应。结果 南京市低龄老年人社会支持总得分(35.40±7.70)分,主观支持(20.58±4.61)分,客观支持(7.61±3.22)分,支持利用度(7.14±1.75)分;自我效能总分为(27.15±7.24)分,总均分为(2.72±0.72)分;养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿总得分为(14.01±2.82)分,各条目均分为(4.67±0.94)分。低龄老年人社会支持与自我效能呈正相关(r=0.246,P<0.01),与养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿呈正相关(r=0.293,P<0.01);自我效能与养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿呈正相关(r=0.240,P<0.01)。社会支持、自我效能正向预测参与意愿(P均<0.001)。社会支持对养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿的直接效应值为0.030(95%C1:0.019~0.043),直接效应占总效应的83.3%,自我效能在社会支持和养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿之间的部分中介效应为0.006(95%C1:0.002~0.009),中介效应占总效应的16.7%。结论 自我效能在社会支持和养老服务互助时间平台参与意愿之间起部分中介作用,提高低龄老年人自我效能感,有利于提高其互助养老参与意愿。

Objective To understand the current status of social support,self-efficacy,and intention of participa⁃tion in time bank mutual support pension model among young old adults in Nanjing,and the mediation role of self-efficacy between social support and intention of participation in time bank mutual support pension model.Methods General data questionnaire,social support rating scale,general self-efficacy scale,intention of participation in time bank mutual sup⁃port pension model for young old adults scale were used to investigate 365 young old adults in Nanjing.Pearson correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the variables,and hierarchical regression and Bootstrap methods were conduct⁃ed to test the mediating effect of self-efficacy,between social support and intention of participation in time bank mutual support pension model among young old adults.Results The total score of social support was 35.40±7.70,the subjec⁃tive support score was 20.58±4.61,the objective support score was 7.61±3.22,and the social support utilization score was 7.14±1.75;the total score of self-efficacy was 27.15±7.24,and the total average score was 2.72±0.72.The total score of intention of participation in time bank mutual support pension model was 14.01±2.82,and the mean score of each entry was(4.67±0.94).Social support was positively correlated with self-efficacy(r=0.246,P<0.01),and intention of participation in time bank mutual support pension model(r=0.293,P<0.01);self-efficacy was positively correlated with intention of participation in time bank mutual support pension model(r=0.240,P<0.01).Social support and self-efficacy positively predicted intention of participation(all P<0.001).The direct effect value of social support on intention of partic⁃ipation was 0.030(95%CI:0.019-0.043),accounting for 83.3%,and the partial mediating effect of self-efficacy be⁃tween social support and intention of participation was 0.006(95%CI:0.002-0.009),accounting for 16.7%.Conclu⁃sions Self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between social support and intention of participation,and increas⁃ing the self-efficacy of young old people is conducive to increasing their intention of participation in mutual support pension model.