应急管理人才培养:现状梳理、机制设计与模式探索

Emergency Management Personnel Training:Current Situation,Mechanism Design and Mode Exploration

在全球化背景下,突发公共事件和自然灾害频发,社会对应急管理能力的要求日益提高,传统应急管理人才培养模式已无法满足现代社会需求。为提高应急管理人才培养质量,推进应急管理体系和能力现代化,文章从培养目标、培养方式、学科建设三个方面对比分析中国、美国、英国高校应急管理人才培养现状,并进一步探讨多学科融合、多主体协作和多层次整合的应急管理人才培养机制。在此基础上,构建新型应急管理人才培养模式,建立教学、实践和科研等多维度、系统化、科学化人才培养的高校主导模式;健全人才培养方向、政府资助体系和参与规则制定的政府引导模式;形成企业参与、定向委托培养以及人才与社会需求对接的市场参与模式;培育民间组织参与、社会公众认同以及服务社会发展的社会倡导模式。

In the era of globalization,the frequency of public emergencies and natural disasters is on the rise,leading to an increased demand for emergency management capabilities in society.The conventional training approach for emergency management personnel in China no longer satisfies the requirements of modern times.To enhance the quality of emergency management personnel training and advance the modernization of the emergency management system and capabilities,a comparative analysis was conducted on the current state of emergency management personnel training in Chinese,American,and British universities.This analysis covered three dimensions:training objectives,methodologies,and discipline development.Furthermore,the training mechanism for emergency management personnel based on interdisciplinary integration,multi-stakeholder collaboration,and multi-tiered convergence was explored.The aim is to establish a novel emergency management personnel training model that incorporates teaching,practice,and research to form a multi-dimensional,systematic,and scientific university-led training framework.Additionally,it is essential to refine the orientation of personnel training,government funding systems,and the government s guiding role in participation norms.This will help create a market participation model that involves enterprises in directional training and talent alignment with societal needs.Lastly,nurturing a social advocacy model with NGO participation,public recognition,and service to societal development is crucial.