1990至2019年中国居民中耳炎疾病负担及变化趋势分析

Trending of Disease Burden of Otitis Media Among Residents in China from 1990 to 2019

目的描述和分析1990至2019年中国居民中耳炎(otitis media,OM)疾病负担现状及其变化趋势,为OM防治及制定针对性的干预策略提供科学依据。方法基于2019年全球疾病负担数据,选取发病率、患病率、伤残损失寿命年(years lived with disability,YLD)率、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted of life years,DALY)率等指标,利用Joinpoint回归模型计算相应指标平均年度变化百分比(annual average percentage change,AAPC),对OM疾病负担进行描述。结果1990至2019年中国OM发病率、患病率、YLD率和DALY率随年龄增长均呈下降趋势,2019年发病率、患病率、YLD率和DALY率分别为1040.29/10万、1127.80/10万、23.42/10万和26.86/10万;<5岁人群一直处于高发病率状态,5~14岁人群患病率和DALY率达峰值。1990至2019年中国男性OM患病率、YLD率和DALY率均高于女性。1990至2019年中国OM标化患病率、标化YLD率和标化DALY率下降幅度均高于全球,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论1990至2019年中国儿童OM发病率和患病率明显高于成人,疾病负担最为显著,男性疾病负担高于女性,应加强重点人群防控,进一步完善OM筛查方法,加强OM相关健康知识宣传,强化居民控烟意识,减轻OM疾病负担。

Objective This study aims to describe and analyze trending of disease burden of otitis media among residents in China from 1990 to 2019,in order to improve its prevention and treatment,especially development of targeted intervention strategies.Methods Based on the global burden of disease data in 2019(GBD2019),the incidence,prevalence,years lived with disability(YLD)and disability adjusted of life years(DALY)and their average annual percentage change(AAPC)were obtained using the joinpoint regression model to describe the burden of disease of otitis media.Results From 1990 to 2019,the incidence,prevalence,YLD and DALY of otitis media showed a downward trend with the increase of age in China.In 2019,the per 100,000 incidence,prevalence,YLD and DALY for otitis media were 1040.29,1127.80,23.42 and 26.86,respectively.The incidence was always high in children under 5 years,and the prevalence and DALY peaked between 5 and 14 years of age.The prevalence,YLD and DALY in male residents were higher than in females.From 1990 to 2019,the standardized prevalence,YLD and DALY showed a downward trend in China.The declines were all higher than global trending(P<0.001).Conclusions The incidence and prevalence of otitis media in Chinese children were significantly higher than in adults from 1990 to 2019,representing the highest disease burden,with males having a heavier disease burden than females.Priority populations require additional attention,including publicity of health knowledge related to otitis media and improvement of screening methods.Awareness of tobacco hazards needs to be promoted to reduce disease burden of otitis media.