论访谈作为一种写作方式及文体的可能性

On the Possibility of Interviews as a Form of Writing and a Genre

访谈、对话形式的文字,不仅常见于各种媒体,在市面上各类图书中也经常见到。访谈类的文章和书籍如此普遍,访谈体这种形式却一直没有被当作一种独立的写作方式或作为一种独立的文体来看待。面对这种现实与理论的严重失衡,将访谈体认定为一种独立写作方式具有现实必要性、迫切性,并进而追问其作为一种独立文体的可能性。不同于其他文体,访谈以问答体或对话体展开。广义的访谈,包含问答体(也即狭义的访谈)和对话体两种形式。访谈内部也有进一步的区分,如新闻访谈、学术访谈等;访谈与口述既有区别又有联系,后者的完成很大程度上有赖于访谈活动。访谈的风格特征则在于直接讲述、口语化表达、无可比拟的现场感与即兴性等。

Text in the form of interviews and dialogues is not only common in various media,but also frequently seen in various books on the market.Interview articles and books are so common,but the form of interview has not been regarded as an independent writing style,or even as an independent literary genre.Faced with the serious imbalance between reality and theory,this article proposes the practical necessity and even urgency of recognizing interview style as an independent mode of writing,and further questions its possibility as an independent writing style.Interview style is conducted in questions and answers,or dialogue format.The broad interview format includes two forms:questions and answers format(i.e.narrow interview)and dialogue format.There are further distinctions within the interview body,such as news interviews,academic interviews,etc;Interviews and oral communication are both distinct and interconnected-the completion of the latter largely relies on the interview activity.The stylistic features of the interview style include direct narration,colloquial expression,unparalleled sense of presence,and improvisation.