浅析2022年洞庭湖干旱灾害特点及成因

Characteristics and Causes of the Drought Disaster in Dongting Lake in 2022

近年来,受气候变化等多方面的影响,洞庭湖区的旱涝灾害频发。为更好地应对洞庭湖干旱灾害,降低成灾损失,以2022年洞庭湖干旱为研究对象,分析了洞庭湖区降雨、蒸发、来水及水库蓄水等情况,梳理了2022年洞庭湖干旱的特点及成因,探讨了洞庭湖干旱灾害防御体系的作用和优化空间。结果表明:降雨量偏少、蒸发量偏大、江湖来水偏枯及水库调蓄能力不足是洞庭湖干旱的主要原因。应对洞庭湖的干旱灾害需要优化洞庭湖区的干旱防御体系,同时要加强水资源管理,确保水源供应的稳定性。本文旨在提升对洞庭湖干旱灾害的认识和理解,为相应的水资源管理和灾害防范提供参考。

In recent years,the Dongting Lake area has frequently experienced drought and flood disasters due to various aspects,including climate change.To better cope with the drought disasters and reduce the disaster losses in Dongting Lake,this paper takes the 2022 drought in Dongting Lake as the research subject,analyzing the rainfall,evaporation,incoming water and reservoir storage conditions in Dongting Lake area.It also outlines the characteristics and causes of the 2022 drought in Dongting Lake and discusses the role and optimization space of the drought disaster prevention system in the area.The results indicate that the reduced rainfall,increased evaporation,diminished inflow from rivers and lakes and insufficient storage capacity of reservoir are the main causes of the drought in Dongting Lake.To address the drought disaster in Dongting Lake,it is essential to optimize the drought prevention system in the Dongting Lake area,and strengthen the water resources management to ensure the stability of water supply.This paper aims to enhance the understanding and awareness of drought disaster in Dongting Lake and provide references for corresponding water resource management and disaster prevention.