濒危植物柳州异裂菊和凹脉异裂菊扦插技术研究

Research on Cutting Technology of Endangered Plants Heteroplexis incana and Heteroplexis impressinervia

[目的]筛选珍稀濒危植物柳州异裂菊(Heteroplexis incana)和凹脉异裂菊(Heteroplexis impressinervia)扦插繁殖最优组合,为其种质保育及开发奠定基础。[方法]选择健康的柳州异裂菊和凹脉异裂菊枝条进行扦插,采用正交试验设计,探究插穗粗度、基质类型、植物生长调节剂种类和浓度4个因素对柳州异裂菊和凹脉异裂菊扦插苗生长性状的影响,并筛选出最优组合。[结果]柳州异裂菊9个组合的成活率差异较大,组合③成活率最高,为40%;9个组合的根长和根粗均不存在显著差异(P>0.05),而9个组合根数存在显著差异(P<0.05),组合③有利于根生长。凹脉异裂菊组合①的成活率最高,达20%,凹脉异裂菊的枝数、枝高、枝粗、叶片数、叶长9个组合间均不存在显著差异(P>0.05),而叶宽存在显著差异(P<0.05)。[结论]粗度为6.0~10.0 mm的穗条使用150 mg/L NAA浸泡后扦插于肥土基质中利于柳州异裂菊扦插成活及苗木生长,而同样粗度的凹脉异裂菊穗条使用50 mg/L SGJ浸泡后扦插于黄土基质中扦插效果较佳。

[Objective]To screen the optimal combination of H.incana and H.impressinervia for cutting propagation in Liuzhou,a rare and endangered plant,and to lay a foundation for its germplasm conservation and development.[Method]The healthy cuttings were selected and the orthogonal design was used to investigate the effects of four factors,including cutting size,substrate type,plant growth regulator type and concentration,on the growth characteristics of the cuttings,and the optimal combination was selected.[Result]The survival rate of 9 combinations was significantly different,and the survival rate of combination③was the highest(40%).There were no significant differences in root length and root diameter of 9 combinations(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in root number of 9 combinations(P<0.05).Combination③was beneficial to root growth.The survival rate of H.incana group①was the highest,reaching 20%.There were no significant differences in the number of branches,height of branches,thickness of branches,number of leaves and length of leaves among the 9 groups(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in leaf width(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The cuttings of the 6.0-10.0 mm coarse panicle soaked with 150 mg/L NAA in the soil matrix are beneficial to the survival of the cuttings and the growth of the seedlings,while the same coarse panicle soaked with 50 mg/L SGJ in the loess matrix is better.