30个快菜品种在宁波地区夏季栽培比较试验

Comparative Experiment of 30 Varieties of Early-Maturing Chinese Cabbage for the Summer Cultivation in Ningbo Area

为筛选出适合在宁波市夏季种植的快菜品种,促进品种更新换代,保障夏季蔬菜供应,从全国各地引进了29个快菜品种,以本地主栽品种早熟5号为对照品种,分别对30个快菜品种进行抗性、产量和品质等农艺性状的比较试验。结果表明:在抗病性方面,琴萌黄冠、耐雨水快菜、铁根快菜5号等15个品种均表现出对根肿病、芜菁花叶病毒病和霜霉病的抗性,三千快菜、琴萌黄冠、耐雨水快菜等21个品种为软腐病抗病品种;在抗热性方面,三千快菜、琴萌黄冠、耐雨水快菜等14个品种为耐热性品种;在产量方面,耐雨水快菜、琴萌黄冠、德高CR1092等21个品种的产量高于对照;在品质方面,三千快菜、琴萌黄冠、浙白6号等7个品种的维生素C含量和蛋白质含量均高于对照,耐雨水快菜、铁根快菜5号、京翠快菜等5个品种的葡萄糖含量和果糖含量明显高于对照。综上,耐雨水快菜、琴萌黄冠、德高CR1092、铁根快菜5号4个品种具有产量高、抗病性强、耐热性好、品质优的优良特点,适合在宁波地区推广应用,市场前景广阔。

In order to select suitable varieties of early-maturing Chinese cabbage for summer cultivation in Ningbo to promote the renewal of varieties,and ensure the supply of summer vegetables,,this study introduced 29 varieties from across the country with the local main variety Early No.5 was used as the control.Comparative trials on agronomic traits such as resistance,yield,and quality were conducted on 30 varieties of early-maturing Chinese cabbage.The results showed that in terms of disease resistance,15 varieties,including Qinmenghuangguan,Rain-resistant kuaicai,and Tiegenkuaicai No.5,possessed resistance to clubroot,turnip mosaic virus,and downy mildew,and 21 varieties,including Sanqiankuaicai,Qinmenghuangguan,and Rain-resistant kuaicai,were resistant to soft rot.In terms of heat resistance,14 varieties,including Sanqiankuaicai,Qinmenghuangguan,and Rain-resistant kuaicai,were identified as heat-resistant.In terms of yield,21 varieties,including Rain-resistant kuaicai,Qinmenghuangguan,and Degao CR1092,had higher yields than the control.In terms of quality,7 varieties,including Sanqiankuaicai,Qinmenghuangguan,and Zhebai No.6,had higher contents of vitamin C and protein than the control.Additionally,5 varieties,including Rain-resistant kuaicai,Tiegenkuaicai No.5,and Jingcuikuaicai,had significantly higher contents of glucose and fructose than the control.Overall,the varieties Rain-resistant kuaicai,Qinmenghuangguan,Degao CR1092,and Tiegenkuaicai No.5 exhibites excellent characteristics such as high yield,strong disease resistance,good heat resistance,and superior quality.These varieties are suitable for promotion and application in the Ningbo area and have broad market prospects.