从解构到重构:乡村振兴背景下旅游驱动乡村重构的机理及演进——以南宁市西乡塘区忠良村为例

From deconstruction to reconstruction:The inner mechanism and evolutionary model of tourism-driven rural reconstruction in the context of rural revitalization:Taking Zhongliang Village in Xixiangtang District,Nanning City as an example

基于系统理论,以典型旅游乡村为研究对象,采用“扎根+案例”的研究方法,在“解构-重构”双重逻辑的基础上,揭示旅游驱动乡村重构的机理,构建其演进模型。研究发现:①旅游驱动乡村重构的历程具有阶段性特征,其中初级阶段离不开政府这只“有形的手”的助力。②旅游驱动乡村重构的本质是实现乡村价值重创,根本途径是“人-地-业”三部曲的交互,重要支撑是“三大乡村共同体”——乡村组织文化共同体、乡村地缘经济共同体和乡村多重空间共同体,基础条件是乡村经济重构、空间重构、社会重构和文化重构。③旅游驱动乡村重构是一个动态、发展、循环的过程。④旅游驱动乡村重构与自然演化状态下的乡村均起始于经济重构,两者的核心要素为“人-地-业”,但两者在重构历程和速度上存在差异。

Rural tourism is an important driver of rural reconstruction,and the central question of how tourism drives rural reconstruction has been a hot topic of interest in both academia and industry.Existing studies have confirmed that tourism has a significant positive impact on rural reconstruction,but the specific evolutionary paths and mechanisms have not yet been identified,and the differences between rural reconstruction and natural evolution have been overlooked.Based on systems theory,this paper adopts a“rooted+case”approach to study typical tourist villages,reveals the mechanisms behind tourism-driven village reconstruction based on the dual logic of“deconstruction-reconstruction”,constructs a model of its evolution,and further compares it with villages in their natural state of evolution.The study finds that The study finds that:1)The process of tourismdriven rural reconstruction is characterised by stages,with the primary stage of tourism-driven rural reconstruction not without the help of the“visible hand”of the government.2)The essence of tourism-driven rural reconstruction is to realise rural value re-creation,the fundamental way is the interaction of the“people-place-industry”trilogy,the important support is the“three rural communities”-the rural organizational and cultural community,the rural geo-economic community and the rural multi-spatial community,the basic conditions are rural economic reconstruction,spatial reconstruction,social reconstruction and cultural reconstruction.3)Tourism-driven rural reconstruction is a dynamic,developmental and cyclical process,which has gone through an initial stage of development from the economic and spatial reconfiguration led by“land,ecology,consumption and services”to the social and cultural reconfiguration led by“identity,otherness,revival and culture”.The initial stage of development will be the reconstruction of the economic and spatial dimensions led by“identity,otherness,rejuvenation and culture”,and the rapid development stage of reconstruction of the social and cultural dimensions led by“identity,otherness,rejuvenation and culture”.4)Both tourism-driven rural reconstructions and villages in a state of natural evolution begin with economic reconstructions,and the core elements of both are“people-place-industry”,but there are differences in the course and speed of these reconstructions.