淀粉/聚丙烯酸/FMBO复合水凝胶的制备及其除砷作用研究

Study on Preparation of Starch/Polyacrylic Acid/FMBO Composite Hydrogel and Its Treatment of Arsenic Pollution

吸附法是当前最具应用前景的除砷技术之一,新型吸附剂的研发是当前研究的热点。本研究以淀粉和丙烯酸为基础原料,FMBO为硬质填料,制备了淀粉/聚丙烯酸/FMBO复合水凝胶。采用SEM、FT-IR和TG手段对水凝胶进行表征;通过溶胀实验和吸附实验考察了水凝胶的吸水能力和砷吸附能力;将水凝胶施加到黑麦草的根部土壤,考察了其对黑麦草生长和砷累积情况的影响。结果表明:FMBO被成功负载在凝胶网络中;FMBO的添加提高了水凝胶的热稳定性;添加FMBO后水凝胶的吸水能力降低而砷吸附量显著提高,当添加量为60 mg时,砷吸附量提高了245%。种植30 d后,根际添加水凝胶的黑麦草的生物量和砷累积量都得到提高,但水凝胶中FMBO添加量过大可能会抑制黑麦草对土壤中砷的吸收。本研究可以为高性能、环境友好型水凝胶材料的开发提供借鉴案例,还可以为植物修复砷污染土壤的技术革新提供思路。

Adsorption method is one of the most promising arsenic removal technologies,and the prepare of new adsorbents is currently a hot research topic.In this study,starch/polyacrylic acid/FMBO composite hydrogel was prepared with starch and acrylic acid as basic materials and FMBO as hard filler.The hydrogels were characterized by SEM,FT-IR and TG;The water absorption capacity and arsenic adsorption capacity of the hydrogel were investigated by swelling test and adsorption test respectively;The effects of hydrogel on the growth and arsenic accumulation of Lolium L.were investigated by applying hydrogel to the rhizosphere soil of Lolium L.The results showed that FMBO was successfully loaded in the gel network;Adding FMBO to hydrogel improves arsenic adsorption capacity;After adding FMBO,the water absorption capacity of the hydrogel decreased while the arsenic adsorption capacity increased significantly,when the addition amount was 60 mg,the arsenic adsorption capacity increased by 245%.After 30 days of planting,the biomass and arsenic accumulation of Lolium L.with hydrogel in the rhizosphere were improved,but the excessive addition of FMBO in the hydrogel might inhibit the absorption of arsenic by Lolium L.in the soil.This study can provide reference cases for the development of high-performance and environment-friendly hydrogel materials,and also provide ideas for the technical innovation of phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated soil.