江西省农业面源污染定量估算与时空演化特征分析

Quantitative Estimation and Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics Analysis of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Jiangxi Province

为评估近10年江西省农业面源污染对环境的影响程度,本研究采用输出系数法对11个地级市农业面源污染年排放量进行了计算,并结合ArcGIS软件分析了氮磷负荷的时空分布演化特征,以探讨不同污染源(种植业、畜禽养殖业和渔业)的污染排放量比重。研究结果表明,2012~2020年,江西省氮磷污染均为赣南和赣中地区较高,其中赣州市负荷量最高;氮磷负荷量下降最大的是九江市,污染程度最低。氮负荷贡献率从大到小依次为畜牧业、种植业、渔业,磷负荷贡献率从大到小依次为种植业、畜牧业、渔业。种植业产生的氮磷污染呈下降趋势,渔业产生的氮磷污染呈上升趋势。该研究成果对江西省农业面源污染治理和新农村建设具有重要意义。

To evaluate the impact of agricultural non-point source pollution on the environment in Jiangxi Province over the past 10 years,the output coefficient method was used to calculate the annual emissions of agricultural non-point source pollution in 11 prefecture level cities.The spatiotemporal distribution and evolution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loads were analyzed using ArcGIS software,and the proportion of pollution emissions from different pollution sources(planting,animal husbandry,and fisheries)was explored.The research results show that from 2012 to 2020,nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in Jiangxi Province was relatively high in the southern and central regions of Jiangxi,with Ganzhou City having the highest load.The research results show that from 2012 to 2020,nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in Jiangxi Province was higher in the southern and central regions of Jiangxi,with Ganzhou City having the highest load.The city of Jiujiang experienced the greatest decrease in nitrogen and phosphorus load,with the lowest level of pollution.The contribution rates of nitrogen load are in descending order for animal husbandry,crop cultivation,and fishery,while the contribution rates of phosphorus load are in descending order for planting,animal husbandry,and fishery.The nitrogen and phosphorus pollution generated by the planting is on the decline,while it is on the rise caused by fishery.The research results are of great significance for the control of agricultural non-point source pollution and the construction of new rural areas in Jiangxi Province.