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教育分流、结构转型与人力资本溢价

Education Shunt,Structure Transformation and Human Capital Premium
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摘要 教育分流是现代教育体系的基本特征,有助于引导人力资本发生结构性转变。本文基于2005年全国1%人口抽样调查数据和中国城市统计年鉴数据,实证分析了教育分流对中国产业结构和人力资本溢价的影响。在此基础上,利用多部门一般均衡模型,探讨了不同教育分流形式下产业结构的转型机制和人力资本的溢价趋势。研究发现,教育分流通过改变人力资本结构来推动生产要素在不同产业部门中的流动,其方向取决于产品替代弹性、人力资本产出弹性和教育分流比重。定量分析显示,降低向上和向下教育分流的比重都有助于缩小中国劳动力间的收入差距,但只有向下教育分流有助于制造业的转型升级。本文的研究不仅为推动职业教育的高质量发展提供了依据,同时也为促进产业结构转型和收入分配平衡提供了新视角。 This paper empirically analyzes the impact of educational diversification on China's industrial structure and human capital premium,using data from population sampling surveys and statistical yearbooks.Employing a multi-sector general equilibrium model,the study investigates the mechanisms of industrial structural transformation and the trends in human capital premium under various forms of educational diversification.The research finds that educational diversification drives the flow of production factors across different industrial sectors by altering the structure of human capital.This direction is influenced by product substitution elasticity,the output elasticity of human capital,and the proportion of educational diversification.Quantitative analysis indicates that reducing both upward and downward educational diversification helps narrow the income gap among Chinese laborers,although only downward educational diversification supports the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing sector.This study not only provides a basis for promoting high-quality vocational education but also offers new perspectives for facilitating industrial structural transformation and balancing income distribution.
作者 孙广亚 孙亚平 Sun Guangya;and SunYaping(School of Business,Shantou University,Shantou 515800,China;School of Economics,Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处 《南开经济研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第8期3-20,共18页 Nankai Economic Studies
基金 国家自然科学基金面上项目“工具变量分布处理效应:前沿理论与应用研究”(71873080) 汕头大学科研启动经费项目(STF23043T)的资助。
关键词 教育分流 职业教育 产业结构转型 人力资本溢价 Education Shunt Vocational Education Structure Transformation Human Capital Premium
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