乳腺超声影像特征与乳腺恶性肿块的关系分析

Analysis of the Relationship Between Breast Ultrasound Imaging Features and Malignant Breast Masses

目的:探讨乳腺超声影像特征与乳腺恶性肿块的关系。方法:行回顾性研究方案,选2021年1月~2022年12月福州福兴妇产医院院内收治的1882例乳腺肿块患者为对象,根据手术病理学检测结果进行分组,良性病变者1520例为对照组,恶性病变者362例为观察组。两组患者均于治疗前行乳腺彩色多普勒超声检查,收集统计两组超声影像特征检查结果,对其行单因素比较和乳腺恶性肿块危险因素的多因素分析。结果:观察组与对照组相比年龄分布更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的病灶数量为单发比例、形态为不规则比例、病灶生长未平行于皮肤比例、边界信息不清晰比例、内部回声为混合回声比例、后方回声为衰弱比例、钙化情况为微钙化比例、血流信号等级为Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级比例、阻力指数≥0.7比例、有腋窝淋巴结比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析,结果显示病灶数量为单发、形态为不规则、边界信息为不清晰、钙化情况为微钙化、年龄≥40岁是乳腺恶性肿块的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺肿块患者年龄越大则肿块恶性的风险越高,患者乳腺超声影像特征中单发病灶、不规则形态、不清晰边界以及微钙化均是乳腺恶性肿块的危险因素。

Objective:To explore the relationship between breast ultrasound imaging features and malignant breast masses.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted,selecting 1882 patients with breast masses admitted to Fuzhou Fuxing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 as the subjects.They were divided into groups based on surgical pathological examination results(1520 benign lesions as the control group and 362 malignant lesions as the observation group).Both groups of patients underwent breast color Doppler ultrasound examination before treatment.The ultrasound imaging characteristics of the two groups were collected and statistically analyzed,and univariate comparison and multivariate analysis of risk factors for breast malignant tumors were performed.Results:The age distribution of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The number of lesions in the observation group was single,the shape was irregular,the growth of lesions was not parallel to the skin,the boundary information was unclear,the internal echo was mixed echo,the posterior echo was weak,the calcification was microcalcification,the blood flow signal levels were grade II and III,the resistance index≥0.7,and the proportion of axillary lymph nodes was higher than that of the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of lesions was single,the morphology was irregular,the boundary information was unclear,the calcification was microcalcification,and age≥40 years old were risk factors for breast malignant tumors(P<0.05).Conclusion:The older the age of breast tumor patients,the higher the risk of malignancy.Single lesions,irregular shapes,unclear boundaries,and microcalcifications in breast ultrasound imaging features of patients are all risk factors for malignant breast tumors.