局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术与游离龈移植术在口腔种植修复患者中的应用效果比较

Comparison of application effects of local pedicled mucosal-attached gingival reconstruction and free gingival transplantation in patients with oral implant restoration

目的:比较局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术与游离龈移植术在口腔种植修复患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年10月于该院行口腔种植修复的80例患者的临床资料,根据牙龈移植方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各40例。两组均行口腔种植修复治疗,对照组采用游离龈移植术进行牙龈移植,观察组采用局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术进行牙龈移植。比较两组临床疗效,治疗后1、6个月龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平,治疗前后附着龈宽度,以及并发症发生率。结果:两组治疗总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1个月,观察组龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后6个月,两组龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后3个月、1年,两组附着龈宽度均大于治疗前,且观察组大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后1年,两组附着龈宽度均小于治疗后3个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组均未出现明显并发症。结论:局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术应用于口腔种植修复患者可短期内改善龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平,增大附着龈宽度,效果优于游离龈移植术治疗,但临床疗效与游离龈移植术相当。

Objective:To compare application effects of local pedicled mucosal-attached gingival reconstruction and free gingival transplantation in patients with oral implant restoration.Methods:The clinical data of 80 patients who underwent oral implant restoration in this hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the different methods of gingival transplantation,they were divided into control group and observation group,40 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with oral implant restoration.The control group was treated with free gingival transplantation for gingival transplantation,while the observation group was treated with local pedicle mucosalattached gingival reconstruction for gingival transplantation.The clinical efficacy,the levels of gingival sulcus bleeding indexes,plaque indexes and probing depth 1 and 6 months after the treatment,the width of attached gingiva before and after the treatment,and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups(P>0.05).One month after the treatment,the levels of gingival sulcus bleeding indexes,plaque indexes and probing depth in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 6 months of treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of gingival bleeding indexes,plaque indexes,and probing depth between the two groups(P>0.05).Three months and 1 year after the treatment,the width of attached gingiva levels in the two groups were greater than those before the treatment,those in the observation group were greater than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).One year after the treatment,the width of attached gingiva levels in both groups were smaller than those in 3 months after the treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no obvious complications in the two groups.Conclusions:The local pedicled mucosal-attached gingiva reconstruction in the patients with oral implant restoration can improve the gingival sulcus bleeding index,plaque index and probing depth levels in a short period of time,and increase the width of attached gingiva.Moreover,it is superior to free gingival transplantation,but the clinical efficacy is comparable to free gingival transplantation.