不同粒用高粱品种产量和农艺性状及品质的差异性分析

Study on the agronomic traits and quality differences of grain sorghum in Xinjiang

【目的】分析不同粒用高粱品种的产量、农艺性状及籽粒品质,筛选出适宜新疆和田地区种植的优质酿酒高粱品种。【方法】以25个粒用高粱品种为材料,分析其品质性状和农艺性状。【结果】25个高粱品种均可正常生长并成熟,适应性强,其中极早熟特矮品种仅1个龙杂20(95 d),适合机械化栽培的中杆品种有晋糯103、晋杂111和主济粱3号等20个品种。产量变化156.53~1182.61 kg/667m^(2),品种2878A×IR60的产量为最低,济粱4号的产量最高。龙杂20的糖分含量(18.42 g/kg)及赖氨酸含量最高(3.26 g/kg),单宁含量最低(0.66 g/kg)。济粱3号与济粱4号的淀粉含量最高且差异不显著。【结论】农艺性状、产量及酿酒品质各品种间均存在差异,济粱4号的综合表现更佳。

【Objective】To analyze the yield,agronomic traits,and grain quality of different grain sorghum varieties,select high-quality brewing sorghum varieties suitable for planting in the Hotan area of southern Xinjiang in the hope of providing raw material support for the development of the sorghum industry in this region.【Methods】25 grain sorghum varieties were used as materials to study the quality and agronomic traits.【Results】The results showed that there were differences in agronomic traits,yield,and brewing quality among different varieties.All 25 varieties grew and matured normally in the local area,with strong adaptability.Among them,there was only one extremely early maturing and dwarf variety,Longza 20(95 d),and 20 medium stem varieties suitable for mechanized cultivation included Jinnuo 103,Jinza 111,and Jiliang 3.The yield variation ranged between 156.53 kg/667m^(2)and 1182.61 kg/667m^(2),with variety 2878A×IR60,the yield was the lowest,and the yield of Jiliang 4 was the highest.Longza 20 had the highest sugar content(18.42 g/kg)and lysine content(3.26 g/kg),but the lowest tannin content(0.66 g/kg).The starch content of Jiliang 3 and Jiliang 4 was the highest and the difference was not significant.【Conclusion】In summary,considering the characteristics of growth period,agronomic traits,yield,and quality,Jiliang 4 has better comprehensive performance with good promotion prospects,so it is recommended to prioritize planting in the Hotan area.